The situation when the refrigerator Indesit stops turning off or, conversely, does not want to start the compressor, often indicates a failure of the thermostat. This small device is the “brain center” of the cooling system, responsible for maintaining the desired temperature. Independent replacement of the element is possible, but requires strict adherence to the sequence of actions and electrical safety measures, since the work is carried out under a voltage of 220 volts.
Before proceeding with dismantling the old sensor and installing a new one, you need to make sure that the diagnosis is correct. Often the symptoms of a faulty thermostat are confused with problems with the start relay or freon leak. Critical important carry out initial diagnostics so as not to change serviceable parts. If you determine that the thermostat is the culprit, then a competent approach to connection will guarantee long and stable operation of your unit.
In this article we will analyze the nuances of working with thermostats of various modifications found in refrigerators Indesit. You will learn how to correctly mark wires, where to install the capillary tube, and how to avoid common assembly mistakes. Remember that the quality of contact directly affects the fire safety and durability of the compressor.
Diagnostics and signs of thermostat malfunction
The first sign of a breakdown thermostat is incorrect operation of the compressor. In normal mode, it should turn on when the temperature rises and turn off when the set values are reached. If the motor hums continuously, and the food in the freezer turns into ice blocks, or the refrigerator is silent for days, allowing the contents to defrost, these are direct alarm signals.
For an accurate check, you can use a multimeter in dial mode. At room temperature, most thermostat contacts should be closed. If the device shows an open circuit, the element requires replacement. It is also worth paying attention to the appearance: melted contacts or traces of soot indicate that relay worked with an overload.
Sometimes the problem lies not in the sensor itself, but in its sensitive element - the capillary tube. If it is damaged or loses its seal, the filler gas evaporates and the membrane stops responding to temperature changes. In this case, replacing the entire assembly is the only solution.
⚠️ Warning: Before starting any diagnostic and replacement work, be sure to disconnect the refrigerator from the power supply. Leaving the plug in the outlet while working on internal components creates a risk of electric shock.
There is a simple test that can distinguish between a thermostat problem and a refrigerant leak. If, when you turn on the refrigerator, the compressor starts and runs for a while, but does not generate cold, and the thermostat itself does not click and does not turn off the motor, a freon leak is likely. If the motor does not start at all, but when the thermostat contacts are closed manually, the compressor starts to work, the sensor is to blame.
Necessary tools and preparation for work
To successfully replace the thermostat in the refrigerator Indesit no complex professional equipment is required, however, a basic set of tools should be at hand. Preparing the workplace and having all the components will speed up the process and minimize the risk of damage to the plastic elements of the case.
You will need the following tools and materials:
- 🔧 Screwdrivers (Phillips and flat) for dismantling panels and terminals.
- ✂️ Pliers or wire cutters for working with wires and clamps.
- 📏 A knife or scalpel for carefully stripping the insulation (if necessary).
- 📸 A smartphone or camera for recording the wiring diagram.
Particular attention should be paid to choosing a new one thermostat. They may differ in the length of the capillary tube, the type of contacts and the operating temperature range. For refrigerators Indesit models of the TAM or K-59 series are most often used. It is important that the new sensor has similar characteristics, otherwise the operating modes of the refrigerator will be disrupted.
Before starting disassembly, it is recommended to photograph the internal location of the components. This will help you not forget anything during assembly. It is also worth preparing a container for collecting small fasteners so that they do not get lost in the depths of the unit.
☑️ Preparing to replace the thermostat
Removing the old thermostat
The process of removing the old sensor depends on the design of your refrigerator Indesit. In models with a weeping evaporator, the thermostat is usually located inside the refrigerator compartment, behind a plastic panel or directly on the wall. In systems No Frost access to it may be limited by the back wall or decorative elements.
Start by carefully removing the temperature control handle. It may fit quite tightly, so be careful not to break the plastic stem. Next, unscrew the mounting screws holding the thermostat housing in place. If the model is built-in, you may need to remove the entire top panel of the refrigerator.
The most crucial moment is working with the wires. Remember or take a photowhich wire is connected where. Usually there are three of them: one goes from the network, the second to the compressor, the third to the light bulb (if there is one in the circuit). An incorrect connection will result in the refrigerator not turning on or the lamp will be on constantly.
The capillary tube must be removed from the mounting hole as carefully as possible. It is very thin and bends easily. If the tube is taped or stapled to the evaporator, carefully cut off the fasteners. Do not pull the tube with force - it is better to release it along its entire length.
Connection diagram and marking of wires
Correct connection of the thermostat is the key to successful repair. In most cases, the device body has markings indicating the purpose of the contacts. However, the colors of the wires in different models Indesit may differ, so you need to focus on the diagram or terminal markings.
The standard connection diagram for three-pin thermostats is as follows:
- 🔴 Pin 1 (L or 3): 220V voltage is supplied from the mains (usually a brown or red wire).
- 🔵 Pin 2 (4 or 6): Output to the compressor (usually a black or gray wire).
- 🟡 Pin 3 (or separate output): Output to the refrigeration chamber lighting lamp.
Some modifications use a thermostat with two contacts. In this case, one wire goes from the network, the second to the compressor. The light bulb in such circuits is connected in parallel or through a separate door switch.
| Thermostat type | Number of contacts | Purpose of contacts | Features |
|---|---|---|---|
| TAM-133 | 3 | Network, Compressor, Lamp | Universal, common in older models |
| K-59 | 3 | Network, Compressor, Lamp | An analogue of TAM, often used in Indesit |
| T-110 | 2 | Network, Compressor | Without lamp control, for freezers |
| K-50 | 2 | Network, Compressor | For single-chamber refrigerators |
⚠️ Attention: Never connect wires by simple twisting without subsequent soldering or using terminal blocks. The twist oxidizes over time, heats up and can cause a fire or repeated breakdown.
If the markings on the new thermostat differ from the old one, refer to the manufacturer's instructions or use a multimeter to test the circuits. Make sure that the circuit closes when the position of the regulator rod changes.
What to do if the colors of the wires do not match?
If the colors of the wires of the new thermostat are different from the old ones, do not rely only on the color. Use the connection diagram printed on the case, or test the contacts with a multimeter. The main thing is to correctly determine the inlet (L) and outlet to the compressor.
Installation of the capillary tube and installation
Installation of the capillary tube of a new thermostat requires accuracy and understanding of the physics of the process. The tube must be in close contact with the evaporator to accurately transmit temperature. In refrigerators Indesit it is often inserted into a special socket on the back wall of the chamber or attached to the evaporator with a clamp.
When installing, avoid kinks and creases in the tube. The bending radius must be at least 30 mm. Excessive bending may cause damage to the thin wall and leakage of fill gas, rendering the new thermostat inoperative. The length of the tube may differ from the original - the excess can be carefully rolled into a ring and secured in free space without blocking the air circulation.
The fastening of the thermostat body itself must be reliable. The vibration of the compressor should not loosen the fastenings. Use original screws or their exact equivalent. The plastic of the case should not experience stress, otherwise it may crack.
After fixing all the elements, reassemble the structure in the reverse order. Make sure that all panels fit into place without gaps, and the wires are not pinched by sharp edges of metal or plastic.
Checking operation and setting
After completing the installation and assembly of the refrigerator Indesit it is necessary to check its operation. Turn on the unit and set the temperature regulator to the middle position. After a few minutes, a characteristic click should be heard and the compressor will start.
Let the refrigerator operate for several hours. Check if it turns off when the set temperature is reached. If the compressor runs continuously for more than an hour and does not turn off, the thermostat may not sense the cold, or the tube may not be installed correctly. If the refrigerator does not turn on at all, check the wiring diagram again.
The temperature setting is done experimentally. If food in the refrigerator compartment freezes, reduce the setting on the regulator. If the cold is not intense enough, increase it. For an accurate check, you can use an external thermometer, placing it in a glass of water on the middle shelf.
⚠️ Attention: On the first day after replacing the thermostat, observe the operation of the refrigerator. If you hear unusual sounds, smell burning, or see sparking, immediately unplug the device and check the connections.
Typical errors when replacing yourself
Independent repair is often accompanied by errors that can negate all efforts. One of the most common is ignoring grounding. If your wiring has a ground loop, make sure it is connected to the refrigerator body, especially after removing panels.
Another common mistake is improper placement of the capillary tube. If it does not fit tightly to the evaporator or is in an area where the temperature does not correspond to the average temperature in the chamber, the thermostat will not work correctly. Also, do not allow the tube to come into contact with hot elements, if there are any nearby.
Some craftsmen try to “repair” an old thermostat by disassembling its body. This is strictly forbidden. Inside there is a sealed gas system, the violation of which makes the device useless. In addition, there are springs and contacts inside, which after disassembly cannot be adjusted in the factory way.
Remember that the use of non-original low-quality spare parts can lead to rapid re-failure. Buy thermostats from trusted suppliers specializing in components for household appliances.
Is it possible to use a thermostat from another refrigerator?
You can use an analogue if the mounting dimensions, capillary tube length and temperature range are the same. However, it is better to look for the original spare part number or its direct analogue recommended for Indesit.
Why does the refrigerator turn on immediately after it is turned off?
This may indicate that the temperature differential is too small (the difference between turning on and off). Perhaps the thermostat is installed incorrectly or the thermal contact of the tube with the evaporator is broken.
Is it necessary to defrost the refrigerator before replacing?
Yes, complete defrosting is required. Working with electrical appliances in a humid environment is dangerous, and ice can interfere with access to components and damage the capillary tube during dismantling.
How long does a new thermostat last?
The average service life of a high-quality thermostat is 5-7 years or more, depending on the intensity of use of the refrigerator and the stability of the voltage in the network.
What to do if the new thermostat clicks, but the compressor does not start?
Most likely, the problem is not in the thermostat. Check the compressor start relay, the compressor itself, or electrical continuity. The thermostat only gives a signal, but does not start the motor directly.