Understanding exactly how your household unit functions is the key to its long and trouble-free service. Refrigerator Biryusa 120 is a classic example of modern technology, combining time-tested solutions and new cooling technologies. Unlike simpler models, this device requires careful attention to air circulation and temperature conditions.
The main task of the device is to remove heat from the internal chamber to the external environment, which is achieved due to phase transitions of the refrigerant. Compressor, being the heart of the system, compresses the freon gas, forcing it to circulate in a closed circuit. It is this continuous process that allows you to maintain a stable temperature even with frequent opening of the door.
It is important for owners of this model to know that operating efficiency directly depends on the serviceability of all components and correct initial installation. Loss of tightness or overheating of the motor can lead to serious malfunctions in the electronics and mechanics. Let's analyze in detail each stage of the cooling cycle.
The main refrigeration cycle and the role of the compressor
The heart of the entire system is compressorwhich creates the necessary pressure for the movement of the refrigerant. The model Biryusa 120 usually has reliable piston units that can operate in a wide temperature range. When you turn on the device, the electric current starts the motor, which begins to compress the refrigerant vapor coming from the evaporator.
Under high pressure and temperature, freon gas is directed to a condenser located on the back wall of the case. There it cools, giving off heat to the room, and turns into a liquid state. This process is critically important, since it is the liquid, passing through the capillary tube, that expands sharply and cools before entering the evaporator.
Why does the compressor hum when starting?
When starting the compressor, a characteristic hum or click may be observed. This is normal for piston systems, as the pressure equalizes and the engine starts under load. If the sound does not stop or becomes a metallic clanging sound, diagnostics are required.
It is important to note that cooling cycle is not a continuous process at full power. The thermostat or electronic control unit periodically stops the motor when the set temperature is reached. This saves energy and reduces wear on moving parts of the mechanism.
Heat removal system: condenser and capillary
After leaving the compressor, the hot gas enters the condenser coil. In the model Biryusa 120 this element is often made in the form of a black lattice panel on the back of the case or hidden in the side walls. The efficiency of heat transfer here determines how quickly freon can go into the liquid phase.
Next, the refrigerant passes through capillary tube. This is a narrow section of the line that serves as a throttle, sharply reducing the fluid pressure. It is at this moment that the main cooling effect occurs before entering the evaporator. Any blockage of this tube with moisture or debris will lead to a complete stop of refrigeration.
The technical characteristics of the system require that the condenser always remain clean. Dust and pet hair settle on the radiator fins, creating an insulating layer that interferes with heat transfer. This forces the compressor to work longer and more intensely, which reduces its resource.
Features of the evaporator and cooling zone
The evaporator in the refrigerator compartment Biryusa 120 is usually hidden behind a plastic panel on the back wall or located in the upper part of the freezer compartment, depending on the specific modification. It is here that liquid freon boils at low pressure, actively absorbing heat from the internal volume of the chambers.
Cold air is distributed throughout the volume due to natural convection or forced circulation, if the model is equipped with a fan. Temperature conditions may differ in different zones: at the back wall always colder than at the door. This must be taken into account when placing products that are sensitive to freezing.
In the freezer, the temperature drops to values that allow long-term storage of meat and fish. The evaporator here becomes overgrown with frost during operation, which is periodically removed by the defrosting system. The efficiency of the evaporator directly affects the rate of freezing of fresh products.
No Frost defrosting system and control
Models of the 120 series are often equipped with a system No Frost (or Full No Frost), which eliminates the need for manual defrosting by the user. The principle of operation is based on the periodic switching on of a heating element (heating element), which melts the ice on the evaporator.
This process is controlled by a special timer or electronic controller. At certain intervals, the compressor turns off, the fan (for drying) and the heater turn on. The melt water flows into a special pan located above the compressor, where it safely evaporates.
- 🧊 The heating element heats the evaporator to above-zero temperature, melting the ice.
- 💧 The water flows through the drainage channel into the moisture evaporator.
- 🌡️ The temperature sensor monitors the end of the defrosting cycle.
- ❄️ After moisture is removed, the system switches back to cooling mode.
It is worth noting that a malfunction of any element of this chain, be it a burnt heating element or a stuck relay, will lead to the formation of a “coat” of ice inside the case. This will block the air circulation channels, and the refrigerator will stop freezing, although the compressor will work continuously.
⚠️ Attention: If you notice water on the floor in front of the refrigerator or ice build-up inside the chamber, this is a signal of a problem with the water drainage or defrosting system. Operation in this mode can lead to failure of the compressor.
Electrical circuit and control sensors
A modern refrigerator Biryusa 120 is a complex electrical device. The engine start is protected by a start-up relay, which turns off the power when the rotor is overloaded or jammed. Without this component, the motor windings would burn out in a matter of minutes.
Thermal sensors are responsible for maintaining the temperature. There are several of them in electronic models: one controls the air in the chamber, the other controls the temperature of the evaporator to control defrosting. The readings of these sensors are processed by the control module, which makes a decision to turn the units on or off.
Checking the electrical circuit often begins with testing the contacts. Oxidation of connectors or broken wires in the door corrugation is a common cause of electronic malfunctions. Electrical diagram usually printed on the inside of the back cover or in the operating instructions.
| Component | Function | Malfunction symptom |
|---|---|---|
| Thermoregulator | Turning the compressor on/off | The refrigerator does not turn off or turn on |
| Start relay | Starting the compressor engine | Clicks, humming, the motor does not start |
| Defrost heating element | Evaporator heating | Ice build-up, lack of cold |
| Defrost sensor | Defrosting temperature control | Incorrect defrosting cycle |
☑️ Electrical diagnostics
Typical problems and their impact on operation
Even reliable equipment Biryusa may experience component wear over time. One of the common problems is loss of circuit tightness. A freon leak causes the compressor to work without stopping, trying to gain temperature, but there is no cold.
Another common problem is a clogged capillary tube. This can happen due to low-quality oil or moisture entering the system during a previous repair. In this case, the hum of the motor is heard, but the refrigerant does not circulate.
- 🔊 The appearance of extraneous knocking or vibration of the housing.
- 🌡️ Defrosting of food in the main chamber.
- ❄️ Excessive formation ice in the freezer.
- 💡 Flashing indicators on the control panel.
Timely detection of anomalies in operation allows you to avoid expensive major repairs. If you notice that the refrigerator has begun to behave uncharacteristically, it is better to carry out an initial diagnosis or call a technician.
⚠️ Attention: Replacing the compressor yourself or soldering pipelines without vacuuming the system and using nitrogen is prohibited. This will lead to rapid failure of the new compressor due to oxidation of the internal parts.
Operating rules to extend service life
In order to Biryusa 120 refrigerator serve you for many years, you must follow simple operating rules. Do not load hot products into the chambers, as this creates excess load on the compressor and disrupts the temperature balance inside.
Regularly check the tightness of the rubber seals on the doors. Warm, moist air enters the chamber through leaks, which leads to increased ice formation and frequent engine starts. Wipe the rubber bands with a soft cloth to remove grease and dirt.
Do not install the device near heating devices or in direct sunlight. High ambient temperatures impair the heat transfer of the condenser, forcing the equipment to work at its limit. Compliance with these recommendations guarantees stable operation of all components.
Is it possible to transport the refrigerator lying down?
It is highly not recommended to transport it horizontally. Oil from the compressor may leak into the refrigerant circuit, causing water hammer when first started. If transportation cannot be avoided, turn on the device only 12-24 hours after installing it vertically.
Why does the Biryusa 120 refrigerator hum a lot?
The hum can be caused by several reasons: uneven installation (check the adjusting feet), contact of the pipelines with the body or cabinet walls, or the natural operating sound of a powerful compressor. If the humming is replaced by a loud knock or clanging, repair is required.
How often do you need to defrost Biryusa 120 with No Frost?
The No Frost system involves automatic defrosting. However, it is recommended to completely defrost and wash the chambers at least once a year for hygienic treatment and removal of odors, even if there is no visible ice.
What does a flashing temperature indicator mean?
Flashing usually indicates an increase in the temperature in the chamber above the permissible limit. This may happen immediately after switching on, after loading a large amount of warm food, or if the cooling system is faulty. If the mode is not restored after a few hours, contact service.
Is it possible to replace the door seal yourself?
Yes, this is possible. New rubber should be heated (for example, with a hairdryer or warm water) to make it elastic, then installed in the groove and straightened. It is important that the magnetic tape fits tightly around the entire perimeter to the metal of the case.