The operating principle of a POZIS two-chamber refrigerator: device, diagrams and operating nuances

Two-chamber refrigerators POZIS are a popular solution for Russian families due to the optimal ratio of price, quality and functionality. These models combine a classic freezer and refrigerator compartment with independent temperature control, which allows you to flexibly customize food storage conditions. But how exactly does this technique work? Why does frost form in some models and not in others? And what to do if the refrigerator stops freezing or starts making noise?

In this article we will analyze device of two-chamber POZIS refrigerators at the level of key components: from the compressor to the system No Frost, explain the physical principles of cooling and give practical advice on operation. We will pay special attention to the typical “symptoms” of malfunctions - for example, why a refrigerator can not turn off or badly freeze, and what to do about it to call a technician.

The material will be useful both for beginners who have just bought equipment POZISand for experienced users faced with non-standard situations. All recommendations are based on the official instructions of the manufacturer and the experience of service centers.

Design of a two-chamber refrigerator POZIS: main components

Structurally, all two-chamber models POZIS (for example, series RK-149, DK-128 or FR-167) are built according to a similar scheme, regardless of the presence of the system No Frost. Main components:

• 🔧 Compressor —the “heart” of the refrigerator, which pumps refrigerant (freon) through a system of tubes. Most models POZIS use inverter compressorwhich smoothly regulates power and is quieter than the classic one.
• ❄️ Evaporator - a metal radiator where the refrigerant evaporates, taking heat from the chambers. In models with No Frost the evaporator is hidden behind the back wall, in “crying” (drip) models it is located openly.
• 🌀 Condenser is a coil on the back wall of the refrigerator, where freon is cooled, giving off heat to the environment. That is why the back of the case is always warm.
• 📏 Thermostat and sensors —control the temperature in the chambers. Modern POZIS often uses electronic control with sensors, rather than a mechanical thermostat.
• 🔄 Fans are present only in models with No Frost. They evenly distribute cold air throughout the chambers, preventing the formation of frost.

It is worth highlighting separately a refrigerant circulation system. In two-chamber refrigerators POZIS usually used single-circuit circuit: one compressor serves both chambers, but with independent temperature control due to a magnetic valve or separate evaporators. This allows, for example, to install in the freezer -18°C, and in the refrigerator compartment +4°C.

Principle of operation: how the POZIS refrigerator maintains cold

The operation of the refrigerator is based on Carnot cycle - a physical process in which the refrigerant (freon) is successively compressed, cooled, expanded and evaporated, taking heat from the chambers. Let's consider the process step by step:

1. Freon compression. The compressor sucks gaseous refrigerant from the evaporator and compresses it to high pressure (up to 10–15 atm). In this case, the freon heats up to 70–90°C.
2. Cooling in the condenser. Hot freon enters the condenser (coil on the rear wall), where it is cooled to room temperature and condenses into liquid.
3. Expansion in the capillary tube. Liquid freon passes through a narrow opening (capillary), where its pressure drops sharply and the temperature drops to -20...-30°C.
4. Evaporation in the evaporator. Cold freon enters the evaporator (in the freezer or refrigerator), where it boils, absorbing heat from the air. The cycle is repeated.

In models with No Frost the process is supplemented by the operation of fans that drive air through the evaporator, and a special tray removes melt water. In “crying” refrigerators, the frost on the back wall thaws during pauses in the compressor operation, and the water flows into a container above the compressor, where it evaporates.

Important nuance: in two-chamber POZIS often used priority cooling system. When you turn it on for the first time or after defrosting, the refrigerator first switches to the freezer mode, and then to the refrigerator mode. This may take up to 6–8 hours, so do not panic if an hour after switching on the main compartment is still warm.

No Frost system vs drip defrosting: which is better in POZIS?

Refrigerators POZIS are produced with two types of defrosting: No Frost (automatic) and drip (manual). Let's look at their features and pros/cons.

Models with No Frost (for example, POZIS RK-149WNF) are more convenient to use, but have their own nuances:

• ⚡ Fans can become clogged with dust, which leads to overheating of the motor and increased noise. It is recommended to clean the back wall with a vacuum cleaner every six months.
• ❄️ If products are packaged incorrectly (for example, open containers), the moisture from them quickly evaporates, forming ice on the surface. evaporator.
• 🔧 In the event of a breakdown, repairing the system No Frost is more expensive due to the complexity of the design.

Drip models (for example, POZIS DK-128) are easier and cheaper to repair, but require regular maintenance. If a thick layer of ice (more than 5 mm) forms on the back wall of a refrigerator with a drip system, this is a signal of a malfunction of the thermostat or door seal.

Temperature conditions: how to properly set POZIS

Optimal temperature zones in a two-chamber refrigerator POZIS depend on the type of products and the load on the chambers. The manufacturer recommends the following settings:

• ❄️ Freezer compartment: from -18°C (storage) to -24°C (freezing) for long-term storage of meat/fish. -18...-20°C.
• 🥦 Refrigerator compartment:
  • Top shelves (warmest place): +6...+8°C —ideal for cheeses, sausages, ready-made dishes.
  • Medium shelves: +3...+5°C — dairy products, eggs, sauces.
  • Lower shelves (above the vegetable drawer): +1...+3°C —perishable foods (meat, fish, seafood).
  • Door: +5...+7°C — drinks, oil, ketchup.
  • Vegetable box: +8...+10°C —fruits, vegetables, herbs.

In models POZIS with electronic control (for example, FR-167) the temperature can be set with an accuracy of 1°C through the panel on the door or the touch display. In mechanical models (for example, DK-105), adjustment is carried out by a rotary switch with positions from 1 (warmest) to 7 (coldest).

Make sure the door closes tightly (no gaps)

Products do not touch the back wall (for drip models)

The freezer is not overloaded (2-3 cm gap for air circulation)

The thermometer shows a stable temperature 6 hours after switching on-->

What to do if the POZIS refrigerator does not keep the temperature? First check:

1. Are the chambers (especially the freezer) overloaded?
2. Is the refrigerator located next to heat sources (battery, stove, direct sunlight).
3. Isn’t damaged there is a door seal (you can check with a sheet of paper - if it easily pulls out when the door is closed, it needs replacement).
4. Is the Super Freeze or Super Cool mode turned on (in some models it is turned off manually).

Typical malfunctions and their causes

Even reliable refrigerators POZIS can fail over time. Let's look at the most common "symptoms" and their possible causes.

Warranty warning:

What to do if the POZIS refrigerator is under warranty?

If your refrigerator is under warranty (usually 1-2 years), do not disassemble it yourself —this will void the warranty. Contact an authorized service center POZIS with a receipt and product passport. The list of centers can be found on the manufacturer's official website.

One of the most insidious breakdowns is freon leak. Its signs:

• 🔊 The compressor works non-stop, but there is no cold.
• ❄️ The condenser (rear grill) remains cold.
• 💨 A specific oil smell may appear in the freezer (if there is a leak in the compressor).

In this case, it is required refilling the system, which can only be performed by a master with special equipment. Cost refilling freon in POZIS refrigerators (for 2026) ranges from 3,500 to 6,000 rubles, depending on the model and region.

How to extend the life of a POZIS refrigerator: operating tips

The service life of the refrigerator POZIS depends not only on the build quality, but also on the operating conditions. By following simple rules, you can avoid most breakdowns:

• 📍 Correct installation:
  • The refrigerator must be on a flat surface (check with a level).
  • The distance to the wall is at least 5 cm (for ventilation of the condenser).
  • Do not place near a stove, radiator or window (direct sunlight accelerates wear of the seal).
• 🔌 Power supply:
  • Connect the refrigerator to a separate outlet with grounding.
  • Use a voltage stabilizer if there are frequent surges in the network.
  • Do not use extension cords - they can overheat.
• 🧊 Defrosting and care:
  • Defrost when the ice thickness is more than 5 mm (for drip models).
  • Do not use sharp objects to remove ice - you will damage the evaporator.
  • After defrosting, wipe the walls with a soda solution (1 tbsp per 1 liter of water) for disinfection.
• 🛒 Loading food:
  • Do not place hot foods - let them cool to room temperature.
  • Distribute food evenly without blocking the ventilation holes.
  • Store liquids in closed containers (excess moisture accelerates the formation of ice).

Attention!

⚠️ If the refrigerator POZIS has not been used for a long time (for example, after purchasing or moving), let it stand in an upright position for at least 4–6 hoursbefore turning it on. so that the oil in the compressor flows down and does not cause water hammer when starting.

For models with No Frost it is especially important to monitor the condition of the ventilation grilles. If they are clogged with dust or ice, the refrigerator starts:

• 🔊 Make more noise than usual.
• ❄️ Poor freezing (the temperature in the chambers rises).
• 💰 Consume more electricity (the compressor runs non-stop).

The ventilation ducts can be cleaned yourself:

1. Unplug the refrigerator.
2. Remove the back cover of the freezer (in most models it is secured with latches or screws).
3. Use a vacuum cleaner with a narrow attachment to remove dust from the fan blades and evaporator.
4. Wipe the parts with a damp cloth, then dry.

Frequently asked questions about the operation of POZIS refrigerators

Why does the POZIS refrigerator constantly work and does not turn off?

This can be caused by several reasons:

• 🌡️ High temperature in the room (more +30°C). The compressor is forced to work non-stop to maintain the cold.
• 🔧 Malfunction. thermostat or the temperature sensor “does not understand” that it has already reached the desired temperature.
• 🚪 The door seal is damaged. Warm air constantly enters the chamber, causing the compressor to work longer.
• ❄️ Leakage. freon or the capillary tube is clogged. The refrigerator is trying to compensate for the lack of cold.

What to do? First check the seal and the temperature in the room. If the problem persists, call a technician to diagnose the thermostat or cooling system.

Is it possible to turn off the POZIS refrigerator at night to save energy?

🚫 Strongly not recommended. Each on/off cycle creates a load on the compressor, which reduces its life. In addition:

• Foods in the freezer may begin to thaw, and when re-frozen, their structure will be damaged (meat will become “rubbery”, vegetables will become watery).
• B In the refrigerator compartment, the temperature will rise to room temperature, which will lead to the growth of bacteria.
• After turning on, the refrigerator will work in enhanced mode 2-3 hours, consuming more energy than saved overnight.

If you want to save money, It’s better:

• Set the temperature in the refrigerator compartment to +5...+6°C (instead of +3...+4°C).
• Do not open the door unless necessary.
• Regularly defrost and clean the condenser.

Why does ice still form in the POZIS refrigerator with No Frost?

The system No Frost prevents the formation of frost on visible surfaces, but ice may appear:

• 🔄 On the evaporator (hidden behind the rear panel). This is normal - it thaws while the heater is operating.
• 🚪 In the freezerif:
  • The door does not close well (check the seal).
  • The products are packaged incorrectly (open containers, plastic bags with holes).
  • Moisture has entered the chamber (for example, after washing or defrosting).
• ⚡ The fan is frozen due to a malfunction of the defrost heater. In this case, the refrigerator will make noise, but not freeze.

🔧 How to fix? If ice appears on the walls of the freezer, defrost the refrigerator by 12–24 hours, then check the seal and food packaging. If the problem recurs, system diagnostics are required No Frost (the heater or defrost timer may have burned out).

How long should the POZIS refrigerator work after the first turn on?

When turned on for the first time or after defrosting, the refrigerator POZIS enters operating mode in several stages:

1. First 30–60 minutes: the compressor works non-stop, cooling the freezer.
2. 2–4 hours: temperature in the freezer reaches -18°C, the compressor begins to turn off for short pauses.
3. 6–8 hours: the refrigerator compartment reaches the set temperature (usually +4...+5°C).

⚠️ Attention! Not load the products first 2-3 hours - this will increase the time it takes to enter the mode. If after 8 hours the refrigerator still does not turn off, check:

• The correctness of the temperature setting (the mode may have been accidentally turned on Super Freeze).
• The tightness of the door closure.
• The room temperature (if higher +30°C, the compressor will work longer).

Which Is freon used in POZIS refrigerators?

Most modern models POZIS (released after 2015) use refrigerant. R600a (isobutane) or R134aThese are environmentally friendly freons, which:

• 🌿 Do not destroy the ozone layer.
• 🔥 Less flammable compared to obsolete R12.
• ⚡ Requires less quantity for refilling (for example, R600a refueling in volume 50–100 grams).

🔧 Important! The type of freon is indicated on the nameplate (metal plate) on the back of the refrigerator. When refilling, you must use only original refrigerant —replacing it with an analogue may lead to breakdown of the compressor.