Independent dismantling compressor on a refrigerator Biryusa is a task that requires not only technical skills, but also strict adherence to safety measures. Often, owners are faced with the need to replace the motor due to its failure or the appearance of irreparable freon leaks. The procedure for removing the unit is a key step in the repair process, the quality of which determines the further performance of the entire refrigeration system.
Before starting work, it is important to understand that you are dealing with a sealed circuit under pressure and electrical components. Incorrect actions can lead to injury or permanent damage to expensive equipment. In this article, we will analyze in detail how to prepare the tool, safely turn off the electrics and mechanically remove the compressor without damaging the adjacent components of the refrigerator.
Preparation of the workplace and the necessary tools
High-quality preparation for repairs significantly reduces work time and reduces the risk of errors. To replace the compressor on refrigerators Biryusa you will need a specific set of tools, which should be on hand before disassembling. The absence of even one element can stop the process halfway.
First of all, ensure good lighting of the work area, since access to the compressor compartment is often limited. You will need a stable surface to place the dismantled parts and a container to collect any remaining oil that may leak from the old unit.
Gather the following set of tools for work:
- 🔧 A set of wrenches and sockets (usually sizes 8, 10, 12 mm).
- ✂️ Side cutters or wire cutters for cutting copper pipes.
- 🔌 Screwdrivers (Phillips and flathead) for removing casings.
- 🧤 Protective gloves and glasses for safety.
- 🔥 Gas torch or soldering torch (if full replacement).
Pay special attention to the condition of the insulation on the wires and the integrity of the pipes. If you plan to not only remove, but also immediately install a new compressor, check the availability of a spare Start-protective equipment. Old parts often become unusable when dismantled, and their reuse is not recommended.
Safety measures and power outages
Safety is the number one priority when working with household appliances. A refrigerator Biryusa is a complex electrical device operating from a 220V network. Any manipulations with the electrical part are possible only after the device has been completely de-energized.
⚠️ Attention: It is strictly forbidden to begin removing the compressor if the power cord is connected to an outlet. The risk of electric shock if the insulation is damaged or comes into contact with live parts of the motor is extremely high.
Unplug the plug from the socket and make sure that access to the electrical network is blocked. If repairs are carried out in a room with high humidity, use a dielectric mat. It is also worth remembering that the compressor can retain a residual charge in the capacitors, so do not touch the contacts immediately after turning it off.
Let the refrigerator stand unplugged for a while so that the pressure in the system is partially equalized and the oil flows into the crankcase. This will make subsequent work with the pipes easier.
When working with copper pipes, be careful: they can be sharp after being bitten. Use safety glasses to prevent metal shavings or drops of oil from getting into your eyes.
Access to the compressor compartment of the Biryusa refrigerator
Refrigerator models Biryusa may have a different back wall design, but the principle of access to the motor is similar. The compressor unit is located at the bottom of the rear panel of the device.
Move the refrigerator away from the wall, ensuring free access from all sides. You will need room to walk around the enclosure. Remove the rear metal cover that covers the compressor and condenser coil. It is usually attached to several screws around the perimeter.
Use a Phillips screwdriver of the appropriate size. If the screws are rusty, pre-treat them with penetrating lubricant to avoid stripping the caps. After removing the fasteners, carefully put the metal sheet aside so as not to scratch the floor or walls.
Under the lid you will see a black cylindrical or pear-shaped tank - this is it compressor. Nearby is a condenser grille and various tubes. Inspect the space for the presence of plastic clamps or fasteners that may interfere with access to the unit tubes.
In some modifications Biryusa it may also be necessary to remove the plastic casing that protects the electrical part of the motor. It is usually held on by latches or one screw.
Disconnecting the electrical part and the starting relay
The next stage is disconnecting the electrical circuits. A box is installed on the compressor housing, inside which there are a starting and protective relay. It is through them that voltage is supplied to the motor windings.
Take a photograph of the location of the wires before disconnecting them. This will help avoid mistakes when assembling or installing a new unit. Color markings may differ in different years of production of refrigerators Biryusa.
Carefully remove the plastic casing from the side of the compressor. Inside you will see a contact group. Disconnect the connectors by pulling on the insulated part, not the wires themselves. If the contacts are oxidized, carefully clean them.
Remove the start relay from the compressor pins. It may be a tight fit, so rock it slightly from side to side. Pay attention to the marking of the relay - it must correspond to the characteristics of the engine.
- 📸 Take a photo of the connection diagram before disassembling.
- 🔌 Disconnect the ground wire (yellow-green).
- 🧩 Remove the block with the thermostat contacts, if it interferes.
After disconnecting all wires, make sure that nothing interferes with removing the motor itself. Check whether the wires are pressed against the tubes or the body of the refrigerator.
☑️ Check before dismantling
Technology for disconnecting copper pipelines
The most crucial moment is disconnecting the copper pipes through which the circulation refrigerant Pressure has been created in the system, so when depressurized, the gas will come out with a characteristic hissing.
⚠️ Attention: The escaping freon can displace oxygen in a confined space. Ensure good ventilation of the room. An open flame near the escaping gas is dangerous, as it can form toxic compounds when burned.
Use side cutters or pipe cutters to disconnect the pipes. You need to cut the tubes at a distance of 10-15 cm from the point of entry into the compressor. This will make it possible in the future, when installing a new motor, to easily solder the connection without extending the tubes.
The capillary pipeline (thin tube) is cut first, then the discharge pipeline (thick tube). Do it quickly and confidently. After breaking the connections, a small amount of compressor oil may leak from the tubes - prepare a rag.
Close the tube holes with your fingers or plugs immediately after cutting off to prevent moisture and dust from getting inside the system. Moisture in the circuit is the main enemy of the refrigerator, leading to the formation of ice jams.
If the tubes are soldered and it is impossible to cut through them (a rare case for modern models), you will need a gas burner. Heat the soldering area and carefully disassemble the connection. However, for simple compressor removal, mechanical cutting is usually sufficient.
It is important to remember: When the tubes are bitten, a sharp edge is formed. Be careful not to injure yourself or damage adjacent elements of the cooling system.
What to do with the remaining freon?
The freon remaining in the system after removing the compressor will gradually evaporate. Specially pumping it out at home without special equipment (recuperator) is difficult and often impractical for one piece of equipment. The main thing is to ensure ventilation of the room.
Removing the compressor from the frame and installing plugs
After disconnecting the electrics and pipelines, the compressor remains attached to the metal frame or bottom of the refrigerator. Fastening is carried out through four rubber shock-absorbing bushings.
You may need an assistant, since the unit weighs about 10 kg and has an awkward shape. Hold the motor with one hand, and with the other unscrew the mounting bolts or squeeze the brackets.
Carefully lift the compressor, trying not to bend the remaining tubes. Remove the unit from the niche. Inspect the rubber bushings: if they are cracked or hardened, it is better to replace them, as they dampen vibration.
Immediately after removing the old compressor, seal the open ends of the tubes on the refrigerator itself and on the removed unit (if you plan to dispose of it later). Use special plugs or simply clamp the ends of the tubes securely with pliers to prevent moisture from entering.
| Element | Action | Tool |
|---|---|---|
| Fixing bolts | Unscrew | 10 mm wrench |
| Discharge tube | Have a bite | Side cutters |
| Suction tube | Snack | Side cutters |
| Electrical connector | Remove | Hands/Screwdriver |
Typical mistakes when removing a motor
Even experienced craftsmen sometimes make mistakes that can complicate further repairs. Beginners should be especially attentive to the details of the process.
One of the common mistakes is damage to the suction tube due to careless use of the tool. If you crush or break the copper too close to the body, repair will require soldering and adding an insert.
Wire labeling is also often forgotten. As a result, when connecting a new compressor, phase and zero may be reversed, or grounding may be incorrectly connected, which is life-threatening.
Do not ignore the condition of the capacitor. If, when removing the compressor, you touch the thin fins of the radiator and crush them, cooling efficiency will decrease. Work carefully in a confined space.
- ⚠️ Damage to wire insulation during dismantling.
- 💧 Moisture entering the open circuit of the system.
- 🔩 Loss of fasteners (bolts, washers).
- 🔥 Overheating of the tubes when trying to unsolder them without releasing the pressure.
Try to act consistently and not force events. If some element cannot be removed, check whether you forgot to unscrew a hidden screw or remove an additional bracket.
Is it possible to remove the compressor without releasing freon?
Technically, you can cut through the tubes, but freon will still be released into the atmosphere at the moment the seal breaks. It is impossible to completely preserve the refrigerant in the system when replacing the compressor, since soldering or pressure testing is required, which involves evacuation and new charging.
Is it necessary to flush the system after removing the old compressor?
If the old compressor burned out and threw oil into the system, flushing with nitrogen is mandatory. If the replacement is scheduled and the oil is clean, it is enough to replace the filter drier. Dirt in the system will quickly clog the capillary.
Which compressor is better to install on Biryusa?
It is recommended to install the original unit or its full analogue in terms of power and refrigerant (R134a or R600a). Using a more powerful motor can lead to incorrect operation of the automation and overload of the capacitor.
How long does it take to remove the compressor?
For an experienced technician, the process takes 15-20 minutes. For a beginner, with preparation and caution, this can take up to an hour. The main thing is to take your time and follow safety precautions.