Access to technical components of household refrigeration equipment often requires partial disassembly of the housing. Owners of branded equipment Pozis often face the need to get to the compressor-condensing unit or check the condition of the starting relay. The top cover in this context can mean either a decorative panel at the very top of the case, or, more likely in a repair, the rear metal wall covering the engine compartment. Understanding the design of your unit is the first step to a successful repair.
Improper disassembly can damage plastic latches or warp thin sheet metal. Modern models, such as Pozis RK-139 or Pozis RK-168, have their own design features for fastening elements. In this article we will analyze in detail the process of removing various types of covers necessary for diagnosing and replacing faulty components.
Before starting any work, you must turn off the power to the device. This is a basic safety rule that cannot be ignored. Unplug the power cord and give yourself clear access to the back of the machine. If you plan to remove the top decorative panel (for example, to replace a handle or repair a lamp), make sure that you have a soft covering for the floor so as not to scratch the front part when tilting.
Determining the type of structure and the necessary tools
Refrigerators Pozis, produced at the Zelenodolsk plant, may have different case configuration depending on the year of manufacture and series. In most cases, by “top cover” users mean the rear metal panel of the engine compartment, which is formally part of the upper area of the unit. However, in some models there is a separate plastic cover at the end of the case. It is important to accurately identify which element you need to dismantle.
To carry out the work you will need a minimum set of tools. Usually a Phillips screwdriver PH2 and a flat-head screwdriver are enough to pry up the plugs. In some cases, especially if the screws are stuck or rusty, a penetrating lubricant may be necessary. Do not use excessive force, as the metal of the case may be deformed and the plastic may crack.
- 🔧 Medium-sized Phillips screwdriver for removing perimeter screws.
- 🛠️ Flat-head screwdriver or plastic spatula for carefully removing decorative plugs.
- 🧤 Work gloves to protect hands from sharp edges of metal sheets.
- 🔦 Flashlight to improve visibility in darkened niches of the unit.
Please note that in models with the system No Frost access to technical components may be limited by additional plastic casings. If you see that access is still blocked after removing the metal panel, do not try to force it further. Study the diagram of the device of your specific modification. Often it is also necessary to remove the internal plastic box that covers the fan and evaporator.
⚠️ Attention: Some models Pozis have hidden screws under decorative stickers or rubber feet on the back panel. Carefully inspect the metal surface before attempting to remove it so as not to damage the integrity of the structure with a jerk.
Preparation of the work area and safety measures
Quality preparation of the work site directly affects the speed and safety of the process. The refrigerator is a heavy unit and must be moved with care. If you plan to work with the rear panel, you must move the equipment away from the wall at least 1 meter. This will provide sufficient space for maneuver and ventilation.
De-energizing the device is a mandatory step. Even if you are simply changing a light bulb or removing a cover, the risk of accidental contact with live parts due to condensation or insulation damage cannot be ruled out. Wait 10-15 minutes after switching off for the capacitors in the electronic control module to discharge if it is located in the upper part.
Take care of the safety of the floor covering. The metal corners of the back panel may have burrs. Place thick cardboard, a rug or a piece of linoleum under the legs of the refrigerator or on the floor in the work area. This will protect your floor from scratches if the unit has to be slightly tilted for a better view.
☑️ Preparation for dismantling
If there were food left in the refrigerator, especially in the freezer, it is recommended to remove them or at least check if they do not interfere with access to the internal fasteners. On some models Pozis the attachment of the upper part of the cabinet may depend on the position of the internal drawers or shelves, although this is rare. The main thing is to ensure the stability of the device so that it does not tip over when force is applied to the rear wall.
Removing the rear metal panel of the engine compartment
The most common scenario that requires removing the “cover” is repairing the compressor, replacing the start relay or thermostat. The back panel at the bottom of the refrigerator Pozis is usually attached around the perimeter with self-tapping screws. The number of fasteners varies from 6 to 12 pieces, depending on the dimensions of the model.
The process begins with unscrewing all visible screws. Use a Phillips screwdriver, pressing it firmly against the head of the screw to avoid stripping the slots. If the screws are painted and the paint interferes with the screwdriver's movement, carefully clean them or heat them with a hairdryer, but be careful with the paintwork on the body itself. After removing all the screws, the panel does not always fall off on its own; it may be held in place by latches or stuck due to dirt and rust.
Gently pull the panel towards you, starting from the bottom edge. If it does not give in, lightly tap it with your palm in different places to knock off the oxides. Do not use metal objects to pry between the panel and the body, so as not to disturb the geometry of the metal. After removing the panel, you will have access to the compressor, condenser and filters.
| Fixing element | Location | Type of tool | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Perimeter screws | At the edges of the metal plate | Phillips screwdriver | Can be coated with paint |
| Decorative plugs | In the corners or in the center of the panel | Flat screwdriver | Hide the main screws |
| Clip-retainers | Inner side of the perimeter | Manual force | Require careful snapping |
| Threaded bushings | At the mating holes of the housing | Do not require | Check for thread integrity |
When removing the panel, be careful of wires that may be accidentally pressed or routed near the edge. In older models Pozis the wiring is sometimes fixed on the inside of the back wall. A sharp tug can lead to breakage of the sensor contacts or damage to the insulation.
Removing the top decorative cover of the case
If your goal is to remove the top horizontal cover of the refrigerator (for example, to replace the door handle in models where the fastening goes through the top, or to repair a lamp), the procedure will be different. In classic two-chamber models Pozis the upper part is often a U-shaped profile, which is a continuation of the side walls, or a separate removable panel.
To access the fastenings of the top cover, it is often necessary to first dismantle the refrigerator doors. This is due to the fact that the hinges are attached through the top panel. Remove the doors, first disconnecting the wiring harnesses going to the LED lighting or display (if located on the door). Then remove the screws that secure the top cover to the side walls.
In some modifications, such as Pozis Sviyaga, the top cover may be part of the internal plastic box. In this case, it is necessary to open the refrigerator compartment, remove the top shelf and unscrew the screws located inside under the decorative plugs. Only after this the outer metal part will become accessible for dismantling.
After its removal, the refrigerator may become less stable. Do not lean on the open frame or place heavy objects on it. Assembly is carried out in the reverse order, with the obligatory check of the gaps and tight fit of all elements.
Features of access to components in No Frost models
Refrigerators Pozis with the system No Frost have a more complex internal architecture. Here the “top cover” often hides not only the engine compartment, but also the control unit and air ducts. Access to the evaporator and fan is usually through the rear wall inside the freezer or refrigerator, but the outer metal casing is removed in the same way as classic models.
However, in such devices, under the outer metal panel of the engine compartment, there may be an additional plastic casing covering the compressor and relay. It is secured with latches or small screws. It must be removed with extreme caution, as the plastic becomes brittle over time.
- ❄️ In No Frost models, it is often necessary to remove the inner rear wall of the chamber to access the evaporator.
- 🌬️ The blower fan can be attached to the inside of the outer rear panel.
- 🔌 Block electronics in modern models is often located in the upper part, requiring removal of the cover for diagnostics.
When working with the No Frost system, pay special attention to the integrity of the defrost heater and sensors, the wires of which may pass in close proximity to the places where the covers are attached. Damage to the insulation in this place can lead to a short circuit when the heating element is turned on.
⚠️ Attention: In refrigerators with electronic control, after removing the cover and turning off the power, it may be necessary to reset errors or re-adjust parameters. Take a photo of the settings before starting work in order to restore them after assembly.
Typical errors during disassembly and their consequences
One of the most common errors is the loss of fasteners. Small screws easily roll under the refrigerator or get lost in the carpet pile. Use a magnetic container or jar to store all the removed parts. It is also recommended to photograph each stage of disassembly so that during reassembly there are no questions about where this or that screw should be inserted.
Another mistake is ignoring the condition of the seals. When removing the top or back cover, the seal of the metal sheet is often broken. If you plan on frequent disassembly, it makes sense to purchase a new sealing cord in advance or use sealant when reinstalling it to avoid air whistling and loss of cold.
Incorrect application of force when removing panels with snaps leads to breakage of the plastic clips. If the panel does not come off easily, you are missing a screw or latch. Double-check the perimeter again. Broken plastic mounting ears can be restored using epoxy glue, but this is unnecessary work that is best avoided.
Remember that careless disassembly may result in denial of warranty service if the refrigerator is still under warranty. Intervention in the design that leaves traces of creases, scratches on seals or broken threads is regarded by service centers as a violation of operating rules.
Assembly and leak testing after installing the cover
The assembly process is a mirror image of disassembly, but has its own nuances. When installing the back or top cover, first tighten all the screws by hand without fully tightening them. This will align the panel and avoid distortions. Only after making sure that all the holes match, you can tighten the fasteners diagonally, ensuring an even fit.
Pay special attention to the places where the wires exit. If there are power or sensor cables running through the back panel, make sure they are not pinched by metal. If necessary, use rubber bushings or electrical tape to protect the insulation at the point of contact with sharp edges.
After final tightening of all screws, check the tightness of the cover around the entire perimeter. There should be no gaps through which air can pass or dust can enter. Turn on the refrigerator and listen to the compressor. The appearance of new vibrations or hum may indicate that the panel is not installed tightly and is resonating with the running motor.
If you carried out repairs related to the refrigerant system, be sure to check the connections for leaks with a soap solution before complete reassembly. Make sure that no tools or parts are accidentally left inside the engine compartment, where they could get into the fan or hot parts of the compressor.
Frequently asked questions (FAQ)
Can the refrigerator be operated without the back cover?
Short-term operation without the cover is acceptable for diagnostic purposes, but continuous use is not recommended. The absence of a cover disrupts the aerodynamics of the condenser cooling, more dust will settle on the motor, and the risk of electric shock or injury increases if you accidentally touch moving parts.
Where can I find a disassembly diagram for my Pozis model?
Disassembly diagrams (exploded view) can often be found in service manuals on the manufacturer's official website or on specialized forums for repairing household appliances. Enter the exact model indicated on the sticker inside the refrigerator compartment into the search engine with the postscript "service manual".
What to do if the plastic latch breaks when removing the lid?
If the latch breaks off, but the plastic element itself is intact, it can be glued in place using epoxy glue or a special glue for plastic (eg Cosmofen). If the fixation is critically broken, you can drill a hole and use a screw and washer for additional fastening, or replace the part with a new one.
Does it need to drain the freon before removing the top cover?
No, to remove the outer metal or plastic housing cover, you do not need to drain the refrigerant. This operation is only necessary when replacing the compressor or evaporator itself, when intervention in the sealed circuit of the cooling system is required.
How to distinguish original screws from replaced ones?
Original factory screws Pozis often have a specific coating (black or zinc) and the same slot. If you see screws of different colors, sizes, or with torn caps, most likely the refrigerator has already been opened before. When assembling, try to use original fasteners or their high-quality analogues.