Operation of household appliances requires periodic maintenance, and Biryusa refrigerator is no exception. Over time, owners may be faced with the need to replace or install evaporatorwhich in everyday life is often called a pallet. This is a critical element of the cooling system, on which the efficiency of the compressor and the temperature inside the chambers directly depend.
Improper installation can lead to the formation of ice jams, reduced cooling capacity and even failure of an expensive compressor. In this article, we will look in detail at how to correctly install a pallet, what tools will be required and what design nuances Biryusa you should pay special attention to.
Before you start work, it is important to make sure that you have purchased a compatible part. The brand's model range is extensive, and heat exchanger design may differ depending on the year of manufacture and series of the unit. The wrong choice of components will lead to a loose fit and disruption of thermal contact.
Preparation for installation and necessary tools
High-quality installation begins long before the first bolt is screwed in. You will need to provide easy access to the back wall of the refrigerator. To do this unit you must disconnect it from the power supply and move it away from the wall at a distance of at least one meter. This will ensure ease of operation and prevent accidental damage to the interior.
To perform dismantling and installation work, you should prepare a basic set of tools. You should not use improvised means, as this can lead to thread breakage or damage to the plastic. You will need:
- 🔧 A set of screwdrivers (phillips and flathead) for removing fasteners.
- 🔑 8 and 10 mm wrench or socket for working with compressor nuts.
- 🧤 Protective gloves to prevent cuts from sharp edges metal.
- 🧼 Rags and degreaser for preparing surfaces.
Pay special attention to the condition of the new one evaporator. During transportation, aluminum tubes could become deformed. Before installation, carefully straighten them if necessary, but be very careful not to damage the thin metal walls. Any microcrack will lead to freon leakage.
⚠️ Attention: It is strictly forbidden to start work while the refrigerator is connected to the network. Even after disconnection, capacitors can retain a charge, and careless handling of electrical components is dangerous.
Make sure that the room is sufficiently light and dry. Moisture entering electrical circuits during installation is unacceptable. If you work in a garage or utility room, take care of additional lighting of the work area.
☑️ Preparing for installation of the tray
Removing the old evaporator and preparing the niche
The replacement process begins with carefully removing the old element. In refrigerators Biryusa the evaporator is usually attached to the back wall of the chamber using several screws and plastic latches. First you need to remove the shelves and free the chamber from the products so that nothing interferes with access.
Disconnect the capillary tube and suction pipe from the compressor. Here it is important to act without jerking, so as not to break off the copper tubes. They often stick or stick, so light turning may be necessary. If the old one is glued to the wall, it must be carefully separated using a plastic spatula. Heat exchanger After removing the old part, access to the inside of the rear wall of the refrigerator will open. Thoroughly clean this surface of any remaining adhesive, foam or insulation. The surface must be perfectly smooth and clean to ensure maximum thermal contact with the new element. heat exchanger glued to the wall, it must be carefully separated using a plastic spatula.
After removing the old part, access to the inside of the rear wall of the refrigerator will open. Thoroughly clean this surface of any remaining adhesive, foam or insulation. The surface must be perfectly smooth and clean to ensure maximum thermal contact with the new element.
What to do if the tubes break off?
If during dismantling you accidentally break off the copper tubes near the compressor body itself, do not panic. You will need to call a specialist with equipment for soldering and refilling with freon, since it is almost impossible to hermetically connect copper at home without a special tool.
Inspect the insulating material. If polyurethane foam foams or becomes damaged, it must be restored. Poor insulation will cause the cold to escape outside, and condensation or “dew” will appear on the outer wall of the refrigerator.
Installation diagram and fastening features
Installing a new tray requires strict adherence to the sequence of actions. First, try on the new one evaporator without fixing it to make sure that the mounting holes and tube leads match. The tubes should lie freely, without tension or creases.
Fix the radiator on the back wall of the chamber. Standard holes are used for fixing. If the new part comes with new fasteners, use them. Screw in the screws evenly, without pinching the plastic, so as not to crack the internal panel of the refrigerator.
| Work stage | Action | Control parameter |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Fitting | Installation in a niche without fasteners | No gaps |
| 2. Fixation | Tightening the screws | Tight fit |
| 3. Connection | Connection to the compressor | Tightness of joints |
| 4. Insulation | Laying thermal insulation | No voids |
Pay special attention to the entry point of the tubes into the chamber. It must be hermetically sealed with a standard plug or filled with a special sealant. Warm air from the outside should not enter the chamber through this gap, otherwise No Frost system or the drip system will work with overload.
If the refrigerator model involves the use of aluminum tape to improve heat transfer, stick it over the evaporator tubes. This will increase the efficiency of heat removal from the products to the cooling element.
Connection to the compressor group
The most critical step is connecting the tubes evaporator with compressor leads. Refrigerators Biryusa use soldering or crimp connections. If you do not have the skills to work with a gas torch and solder, it is better to entrust this stage to a professional.
When soldering, it is important not to overheat the tubes. The flame should be directed, and the solder should spread evenly over the joint. Excessive heating can lead to combustion of the oil inside the system or deformation of thin-walled tubes discharge pipe.
After connecting, it is necessary to check the tightness of the system. For this, nitrogen or dry air under pressure is used. A soap solution will help identify leaks: if bubbles appear, it means that the joint is not airtight and requires rework.
⚠️ Attention: Never leave the system open to air longer than necessary for soldering. The moisture contained in the atmospheric air will get inside the circuit and, when the compressor is operating, will turn into an ice plug, completely blocking the circulation of freon.
Make sure that the suction tube is insulated with a thermal hose along the entire length to the entrance to the compressor. This will prevent the formation of condensation on the outside of the tube and moisture from entering the electrical parts of the motor.
Insulation restoration and assembly
After successful connection and checking the tightness, it is necessary to restore the thermal insulation layer. In factory conditions polyurethane foam is used, but at home you can use polyurethane foam with a low coefficient of expansion.
Fill the space between the evaporator and the outer casing evenly. Do not pack the foam too tightly, as when it expands, it can squeeze out the inner plastic panel of the chamber, deforming it. Thermal insulation It should lie in a dense layer without voids.
Allow the materials to dry completely and polymerize before final assembly. This can take anywhere from a few hours to a day depending on the type of material used. Rushing at this stage will lead to the appearance of foreign odors and reduced efficiency.
Reinstall all the removed elements of the interior: shelves, drawers, plastic covers. Check that nothing is blocking the free circulation of air inside the chamber. Make sure that the door closes tightly and the seal around the perimeter has no creases.
First start-up and performance check
The final stage is the first start after repair. Plug in the refrigerator and let it run in idle mode without loading food for at least 2-3 hours. At this time, listen to the operation of the compressor: there should be no extraneous knocking, hissing or gurgling.
Check the uniformity of cooling. After a couple of hours, open the door slightly and appreciate the cold. If a drip system is used, a uniform layer of frost or condensation should appear on the back wall. In systems No Frost check the operation of the fan.
Monitor the temperature during the first 24 hours. It must remain stably within specified limits. If the refrigerator runs continuously without turning off, or, conversely, often turns off without achieving the desired cold, it may be necessary to adjust the thermostat or check the amount of refrigerant.
If all parameters are correct normal, you can gradually load products. You should not fill the chamber completely at once - let the equipment enter operating mode smoothly. Regularly check the condition of the pallet in the first weeks of operation.
Common mistakes and how to avoid them
When doing independent repairs, mistakes are often made that nullify all efforts. One of the most common is poor cleaning of surfaces before installation. Dirt and old glue act as an insulator, preventing cold from being transferred from the evaporator to the wall.
Another mistake is using inappropriate materials for insulation. Ordinary foam rubber or cotton wool will quickly pick up moisture and stop keeping warm. Use only specialized materials intended for low-temperature equipment.
- 🚫 Ignoring the sealing of the tube inlet leads to freezing of the “fur coat” inside the housing.
- 🚫 Twisting the tubes during installation reduces the permeability of freon.
- 🚫 Lack of evacuation of the system before filling (if done) will leave moisture inside.
Try to act carefully and not use excessive force. The aluminum from which it is made trayis a soft metal and can be easily damaged with a sharp tool. Careful attention to detail is the key to the durability of the repair.
Is it possible to use sealant instead of soldering for pipes?
No, ordinary plumbing sealants do not withstand the pressure and temperature changes of the freon system. The connection of the tubes should be made only by soldering with hard or soft solder using flux.
Why does the refrigerator make a lot of noise after replacing the tray?
Noise can occur due to vibration of loose tubes against the body or chamber wall. Check that the evaporator is pressed tightly and the tubes do not touch metal parts without damping gaskets. Airing of the system may also be the cause.
How long should glue or foam dry?
The time for complete polymerization depends on the temperature and humidity in the room, but usually ranges from 12 to 24 hours. It is not recommended to start the refrigerator earlier, since moisture from unhardened materials can condense on the cold parts.
Does the filter drier need to be changed when replacing the evaporator?
Yes, when the refrigerant circuit is opened, the filter drier must be replaced. The old filter has already been saturated with moisture from the air and will not be able to efficiently clean freon, which will lead to rapid failure of the new system.