Many owners of household appliances, faced with the need to disassemble or repair, ask the question: “what is this refrigerator?” This term may seem strange for an electrical appliance, but in a professional environment and among craftsmen it is often called evaporation tray or a pallet located at the bottom of the unit. Understanding the structure of this unit is critical for proper operation, since it is responsible for removing condensate and preventing leaks on the floor.
The functionality of this part is often underestimated, considering it just a “piece of hardware” at the bottom, until they find a puddle under the refrigerator or smell an unpleasant odor. In fact, moisture collection container plays a key role in the operation of the No Frost and drip defrosting system. In this article, we will analyze in detail the purpose, location and rules for caring for this element so that your refrigerator will serve for a long time and without failure.
Purpose of the evaporation tray in the cooling system
The main task of the element, which is popularly dubbed the “tub”, is to collect and utilize the moisture generated during operation of the refrigeration chamber. When the defrosting cycle occurs, melt water flows down the gutters into the drainage hole and ends up in this pan. In classic models, it is located above the compressor, which allows engine heat to evaporate the accumulated liquid. naturally.
In modern systems with technology No Frost the principle of operation is similar, but the volumes of moisture may be larger, and the location may be changed. Here the tray is often integrated into the overall design of the rear wall or placed in a separate compartment. If the system works correctly, the water has time to evaporate without requiring user intervention. However, if the sensors malfunction or the drainage is clogged, the water level may exceed the permissible level.
⚠️ Attention: If you notice that the water in the pan does not have time to evaporate and overflows, this is a signal of a malfunction. Do not ignore this symptom, as constant humidity can lead to corrosion of the metal parts of the case and a short circuit.
In addition, this unit protects the internal mechanisms from excess moisture, which could cause oxidation of the contacts. Evaporation tray is a buffer zone that ensures the stability of the entire climate system. Without it, servicing the refrigerator would turn into a constant struggle with puddles inside and outside the chamber.
Where there is a tray: search in different models
The location of the water collection tank depends on the design features of the specific refrigerator model. In most classic units, such as Indesit, Atlant or old models Beko, the tray is located directly above the motor-compressor. To get to it, you usually need to remove the back metal cover at the bottom of the case on the back side.
In devices with the system No Frost the situation may be different. Often the drainage tray is built inside the case, closer to the evaporator, and access to it is possible only after partially disassembling the interior panel of the freezer. Some premium brand models Liebherr or Siemens use a forced evaporation system, where the tray can be hidden in the base.
- 🔍 Rear wall: Remove the bottom panel at the back of the refrigerator - most likely, the tray is located there, above the black compressor radiator.
- ❄️ Inside the freezer: In No Frost models, it is sometimes necessary to remove the back wall inside the freezer to see the drainage system.
- 🏠 Plinth compartment: In some built-in models, access is through the ventilation grille in the front, at the bottom (plinth).
If you cannot find this item, refer to your model's instruction manual. There is always a diagram of the device indicating the part number. A search for “refrigerator tub, what is it” often leads users precisely to disassembly diagrams, where this element is designated as Drip Tray or Evaporation Pan.
Hidden trays in modern models
In some new refrigerators, the water tray can be combined with insulating material or have a complex shape that encircles the compressor. In such cases, self-cleaning without removing the unit can be difficult.
Why water accumulates in the tray and does not go away
One of the most common problems is overflowing the tray. If you find that water does not evaporate or its quantity is clearly excessive, there may be several reasons. Most often this is due to a violation of the tightness of the door seals. When the rubber band does not fit tightly, warm, moist air enters the chamber, which condenses in huge quantities, and the standard tray simply does not have time to cope with the volume.
The second reason is a malfunction of the thermostat or defrost sensor. If the defrosting cycle starts too often or, conversely, does not start at all, this leads to the formation of an ice coat, which, when defrosted, gives a sharp burst of water discharge. In this case drainage system it is overloaded. It is also worth checking whether the refrigerator is too close to the wall, which interferes with the circulation of heat around the compressor and slows down evaporation.
The third reason lies in the tray itself. Over time, a coating of mold, mucus or mineral deposits may form on its bottom, which changes thermal conductivity or physically blocks the uniform distribution of moisture. In rare cases, a mechanical crack in the plastic itself is possible, through which water flows onto the floor, bypassing the evaporation zone.
Instructions: how to clean and maintain the tray
Regular maintenance of this unit prolongs the life of the refrigerator. To carry out the procedure, you will need to remove the back cover and, possibly, dismantle the tray itself. Before starting work, be sure unplug the refrigerator. This is a safety requirement that cannot be ignored, since you will be working near electrical components.
The cleaning process is quite simple, but requires care. Use a soft sponge and warm soapy water. It is not recommended to use aggressive chemicals so as not to damage the plastic and rubber seals nearby. After washing, rinse the part thoroughly and wipe dry before installing it back.
☑️ Checklist for tray maintenance
Pay special attention to the drainage hole, if accessible. It can be carefully cleaned with a brush or blown out. Make sure the tray is level and fits snugly against the case or compressor to maximize heat transfer. If the instructions indicate the use of lubricant for moving parts, treat the guides along which the tray slides out when cleaning.
⚠️ Attention: Never use sharp metal objects (knives, screwdrivers) to remove ice or dirt inside or near the tray. You could accidentally puncture refrigerant lines or damage wiring, leading to costly repairs.
Table: Comparison of types of drainage systems
To better understand what kind of system you're dealing with, let's look at the main differences in drainage designs. This will help to correctly identify the problem if your request “what is this refrigerator tub” is related to the search for a spare part.
| System type | Tray location | Moisture removal method | Service frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Drip (Static) | Above the compressor (rear) | Natural evaporation from the heat of the engine | once every 6-12 months |
| No Frost (Classic) | Inside the case / Above the compressor | Evaporation + ventilation | As the smell appears |
| Forced evaporation | Hidden compartment | Heating element (heating element) | Rarely, if the heating element breaks down |
| Discharge to the outside (Rarely) | With an external tube | Drain into the sewer or container | Weekly check |
As can be seen from the table, most household refrigerators use passive evaporation. This is a reliable and simple circuit, but it is sensitive to contamination. If you are the owner of a model with forced evaporation, then there may be an additional small heating element that turns on along with the compressor. In such cases, it is important to monitor the health of the electrical circuit.
Frequent malfunctions and ways to eliminate them
If the problem remains after cleaning, perhaps it is not a matter of hygiene, but a breakdown. One of the common troubles is the displacement of the tray. When the compressor vibrates, it may move to the side, and water will begin to drip past, directly onto the floor or onto the lower shelves. In this case, it is enough to correct its position, making sure that it is in the standard fastening places.
Another problem is the appearance of cracks in the plastic. Old plastic becomes brittle from temperature changes. If you find a crack, you cannot seal it with ordinary tape or Moment glue - these materials will not withstand temperature conditions and can be toxic. It is better to find an original spare part or a universal analogue that is suitable in size.
- 🛠️ Displacement: Water flows past the tray - check the clamps.
- 🦠 Smell: An unpleasant odor from the ventilation holes is a sign of stagnant water and bacteria in the tray.
- ❄️ Ice plug: Water freezes in the tray, forming a snowdrift - perhaps the refrigerator is in a too cold room or the sensor is faulty.
Modern models are equipped with control boards located at the bottom. If the “tub” has ceased to perform its function, water can reach them, causing a short circuit. Therefore, timely elimination of drainage faults is a matter not only of cleanliness, but also of fire safety.
Replacement of a part: when necessary
Replacement An evaporation tray is rarely required, mainly in case of mechanical damage. If the plastic is cracked, water will flow out uncontrollably. You can find a spare part by the catalog number indicated in the technical documentation. When ordering, pay attention to compatibility with your model, since the geometry of the seats from different manufacturers (LG, Samsung, Bosch) may differ.
The replacement process usually does not require a special tool other than a screwdriver. The main thing is to correctly install the new element so that it fits tightly to the heating parts (if provided for by the design) for effective evaporation. After replacement, carry out a test run and make sure there are no leaks.
FAQ: Frequently asked questions
Is it possible to operate the refrigerator if the water tray is removed or cracked?
It is strictly not recommended. This will lead to constant puddles on the floor, increased humidity in the room and possible short circuit of the electrical components of the refrigerator. In addition, this violates sanitary standards.
Why is the water in the tray green or black?
This is a sign of the growth of bacteria, mold or algae. This happens if the water has not been removed for a long time, and microflora has settled in it. Thorough disinfection of the tray and drainage system is necessary.
How often should you check the condition of the “tub”?
It is enough to carry out a visual inspection and preventive cleaning once a year, for example, during general defrosting of the refrigerator. If you notice a smell or moisture earlier, check immediately.
What to do if the water in the tray freezes?
This may mean that the refrigerator is in an unheated room (balcony, garage) at a low temperature, or the defrosting cycle is broken. In a warm room, the water in the tray should not freeze, since it is heated by the compressor.