Refrigerators Atlant are deservedly considered one of the most reliable units in the post-Soviet space, however, even time-tested equipment has failures. Owners often encounter a situation where an excessive ice crust or so-called “fur coat” forms on the back inner wall of the refrigerator compartment. This phenomenon not only reduces the useful volume, but can also signal more serious problems with thermoregulation.
In normal operation, the drip moisture removal system must cope with condensate flowing into the drainage tray. However, if you notice that ice freezing happens too intensely or the ice shell does not have time to melt during the compressor operation, you need to look for the cause. Ignoring the problem can lead to failure of expensive components such as a compressor or evaporator.
In this article we will analyze in detail the mechanics of ice formation in models Atlant, consider typical faults and provide a step-by-step algorithm of actions. You will learn how to distinguish a harmless violation of operating rules from a breakdown that requires the intervention of a specialist.
The principle of operation of the drip thawing system
To understand the nature of the problem, you need to understand how the cooling system works in classic models Atlant. Most of these refrigerators are equipped with what is called a “crying” or drip system. In this case evaporator (cooling element) is built into the rear wall of the fridge compartment.
During the operation of the compressor, the wall temperature drops below zero, which leads to condensation of moisture from the air and its subsequent freezing. When the compressor turns off, the wall temperature rises and the ice melts into water. This water flows down the groove into the drainage hole, going into the container above the compressor, where it safely evaporates.
Violation of this cycle leads to the fact that the water does not have time to drain or evaporate. As a result, a massive layer of ice begins to form on the back panel. Thermoregulator plays a key role here, determining the duration of the on and off cycles.
Why is the back wall not always cold?
In some operating modes, especially in models with electronic control, the back wall may become hot. This is part of the defrost or anti-condensation protection system, which is the norm, and not a sign of a breakdown.
Violation of operating rules as a cause of icing
Before sounding the alarm and looking for electrical faults, it is worth analyzing exactly how you use the refrigerator. Often the reason lies in a banal violation of tightness or temperature conditions. If the refrigerator door Atlant does not close tightly, warm, moist air from the room comes in.
This air quickly cools down at the back wall, releasing moisture, which instantly turns into ice. It is also worth checking whether you are opening the door too often or leaving it open for long periods of time. The moisture contained in the products also contributes: hot soups or unclosed containers with liquid sharply increase the humidity inside the chamber.
Particular attention should be paid to rubber seal. Over time, it can become dirty, deformed, or simply not fit tightly due to the door being skewed. You can check the tightness using a simple sheet of paper: clamp it with the door and try to pull it out. If the paper comes out without effort, the seal requires replacement or adjustment.
⚠️ Attention: Do not load food close to the back wall. Vegetables, fruits or packaging can block the access of warm air to the temperature sensor, which will lead to incorrect operation of the compressor and excessive ice freezing.
☑️ Diagnostics of the operating mode
Faults in the thermostat and sensors
If everything is tight OK, the next probable cause is failure of thermostat (thermostat). This device is responsible for turning off the compressor when the set temperature is reached. If its contacts “stick” in the on position, the compressor operates continuously.
In this mode, the back wall freezes through, turning into an ice monolith. In models Atlant with electronic control, the electronic module is responsible for this process. If the sensor transmits incorrect readings (for example, that the temperature is too high), the system will produce cold without stopping. defrost sensor. If the sensor transmits incorrect readings (for example, that the temperature is too high), the system will produce cold without stopping.
Diagnostics of the thermostat requires certain skills and tools, such as a multimeter. However, an indirect sign of a malfunction may be the absence of a characteristic click when turning the temperature control knob or the operation of the refrigerator without rest breaks.
Problems with the drainage system and drainage
A common cause of the formation of an ice “coat” is a banal blockage of the drainage hole. It is located at the bottom of the rear wall of the refrigerator compartment. If debris, crumbs or mucus gets there, the water has nowhere to drain.
Water accumulates in the groove and freezes, forming an ice plug. Subsequent portions of condensate also freeze, building up a layer of ice up the wall. Visually, it looks like ice flowing from the back panel onto the shelves.
To fix this problem, you do not need to call a technician. It is enough to defrost the refrigerator, find the hole and carefully clean it. You can use a special brush-brush included in the kit, or a soft wire/wire for cleaning pipes.
| Symptom | Probable cause | Solution method |
|---|---|---|
| Ice only at the bottom of the back walls | Clogged drainage hole | Cleaning with a brush or warm water |
| Ice covers the entire back wall | Thermostat malfunction or freon leak | Electrical diagnostics or leak detection |
| The ice is lumpy, with air inside | Constant supply of moist air | Checking the seal and tightness |
| The refrigerator is working without stopping | Sticking thermostat contacts | Replacing the thermostat |
Refrigerant leakage and problems with the compressor
More serious technical problems are associated with circulation problems refrigerant (freon) in the system. If a microcrack has formed in the circuit, gas begins to escape. The pressure drops and the refrigerant boils earlier than expected, causing local but severe freezing of the evaporator section.
In refrigerators Atlant this often manifests itself as a “crying evaporator”, when ice forms in only one place, and the rest of the chamber is poorly cools. In this case, the compressor can work in increased mode, trying to compensate for the lack of cold, which leads to its overheating.
Another possible problem is a malfunction of the compressor itself or the start relay. If the compressor does not develop the required power or operates intermittently, the cooling cycle is disrupted. In such cases, you cannot do without qualified intervention and the use of special tools (vacuumator, pressure gauge station).
Algorithm for self-defrosting and cleaning
If you find ice, the first step is to properly defrost the unit. Many people make the mistake of starting to chip away at the ice with a knife. This is strictly forbidden, as you can damage the thin evaporator tubes running inside the plastic, which will lead to an instant leak of freon.
Unplug the refrigerator, empty the chambers of food and leave the doors open for at least 10-12 hours (preferably for a day). It is not recommended to speed up the process with a hairdryer or hot water - a sharp temperature change can damage the plastic and seals.
After complete defrosting, thoroughly wipe the insides with a dry rag. Be sure to check the drainage hole: pour some water into it (about 50 ml) and make sure that it flows freely into the tray above the compressor. If the water is standing, clean the channel.
⚠️ Attention: Never use sharp metal objects (knives, screwdrivers, scrapers) to remove ice from the walls. Damage to the evaporator inside the wall makes repairs economically unfeasible.
What to do if the drainage is tightly clogged?
If a brush does not help, you can use a medical syringe without a needle. Fill up with hot (but not boiling) water and inject under pressure into the hole. Repeat several times until free flow of water appears.
When you need to call a specialist
Despite the reliability of the brand Atlant, there are situations when independent repair is impossible or dangerous. If, after completely defrosting and checking the tightness of the door, the problem with ice freezing recurs within several days, the reason lies inside the system.
You also need the help of a specialist if you hear uncharacteristic sounds: gurgling, hissing or a loud hum. These symptoms may indicate problems with the compressor or freon circulation. Attempts to independently replace the thermostat or sensors without appropriate experience may lead to a short circuit.
A professional technician will carry out diagnostics using instruments, check the compressor current consumption, the pressure in the system and the tightness of the circuit. Only after this can you say exactly why the ice is freezing and fix the problem with a guaranteed result.
Why does ice form in only one corner?
Local ice formation often indicates an uneven distribution of refrigerant or the beginning of a freon leak in this place. This may also be due to deformation of the inner box, which disrupts the contact of the evaporator with the wall.
Is it possible to operate a refrigerator with ice?
For a short period of time - it is possible, but not recommended. A thick layer of ice acts as a heat insulator, causing the compressor to work longer and harder, which increases energy consumption and wear on the motor. In addition, ice can damage food.
How often does Atlant with a drip system need to be defrosted?
The manufacturer recommends complete defrosting and washing at least once a year. However, if you notice active ice formation, the procedure should be carried out immediately, without waiting for the planned date.
Does the room temperature affect the formation of ice?
Yes, it does. If the refrigerator is located next to a radiator, stove, or in direct sunlight, it is more difficult for it to remove heat. This leads to longer operation of the compressor and, as a result, to increased freezing of condensate on the cold wall.