When refrigeration equipment fails or the need to fine-tune the temperature regime, owners often encounter mysterious abbreviations on parts. One of these markings is RKT 2, which is found on thermostats and thermostats. Understanding what is hidden behind these letters and numbers is the key to self-repair or proper maintenance of the unit. Without this knowledge, it is difficult to select the right spare part or configure the equipment so that the products do not spoil and the chamber does not become overgrown with ice.
The temperature regulator is a “brain center” responsible for maintaining the set temperature inside the chambers. It is he who gives the command to the compressor to turn on when it becomes too warm, and turns it off when the desired cold is reached. RKT 2 is not just a random set of characters, but a specific designation of a series or modification of the sensor, which is often installed in refrigerators from various manufacturers, including popular brands like Atlant, Biryusa or Indesit. If you notice that the refrigerator has stopped freezing or, on the contrary, turns food into ice blocks, the problem may lie in this particular unit.
In this article we will analyze in detail the device, operating principle and configuration features thermostat series RKT. You will learn how to diagnose a malfunction without calling a technician and what to do if the standard regulator has stopped responding to turns of the knob. It is critically important to understand that RKT 2 is often an analogue or modernization of older TAM models, but may have differences in the length of the capillary tube or temperature threshold. By understanding the nuances, you can extend the life of your household appliances.
Deciphering the abbreviation and purpose of the device
To effectively manage the equipment, you need to understand the language spoken by its creators. The abbreviation RKT usually stands for “Tempera Regulator” (or “Temperature Control Relay”), where the number “2” indicates a specific modification or series of execution. In some cases, the marking may vary depending on the manufacturer, but the functional purpose remains the same - monitoring the operation of the compressor based on the temperature sensor readings. This is an electromechanical device that closes and opens an electrical circuit depending on the temperature of the sensitive element.
The main task of the device RKT 2 is to maintain a stable microclimate inside the refrigeration chamber. When the temperature rises above the set threshold, the contacts inside the relay close, starting the motor-compressor. As soon as the air cools to the desired value, the circuit opens and the equipment goes into standby mode. This cycle is repeated constantly, ensuring the safety of the products. If the thermostat fails, the cycle is disrupted: the compressor may work without interruption, consuming excess electricity, or not turn on at all, leaving food at room temperature.
⚠️ Attention: Before starting any work to replace the thermostat, be sure to disconnect the refrigerator from the power supply. Working with live electrical components is deadly and can lead to a short circuit.
It is important to note that RKT series thermostats may have different bellows and capillary tube designs. In some models, the tube is filled with gas, in others - with liquid, which affects the response speed of the sensor. The number “2” in the marking often indicates the operating temperature range or the length of the capillary tube, which can range from 0.6 to 2.5 meters. When selecting an analogue, it is necessary to take into account not only the appearance, but also the technical characteristics specified in the product passport or on the body of the old sensor.
The operating principle and design of the thermostat
The internal structure of the thermostat RKT 2 is a complex but reliable mechanical system. The main element here is the bellows - a sealed corrugated chamber filled with a temperature-sensitive substance (freon or other refrigerant). When the temperature inside the refrigerator compartment changes, the pressure inside the bellows changes, causing it to expand or contract. This mechanical movement is transmitted to a system of levers, which open the electrical contacts.
The user adjusts the temperature through a special knob on the front panel of the refrigerator. By turning the knob, you change the tension of the spring, which acts on the lever mechanism. This allows you to set the point at which the pressure in the bellows will be sufficient to open the contacts. Setting accuracy depends on the calibration of the spring and the condition of the internal mechanisms. Over time, the spring may weaken, which will lead to a shift in the temperature range and incorrect operation of the refrigerator.
- 🔧 Bellows chamber: the main sensor that responds to changes in the ambient temperature inside the chamber.
- ⚡ Contact group: electrical contacts that open and close, controlling the supply of current to the compressor.
- 🔩 Adjusting screw: element that allows you to change the spring tension and adjust the temperature threshold.
Capillary tube connecting bellows with a sensitive element, can be of different lengths. In models RKT 2 it often has standard dimensions, but when replacing it is important to ensure that the tube is not kinked or damaged. Damage to the tube leads to leakage of the working substance, and the thermostat stops functioning, becoming “stuck” in one position. Usually in this case, the contacts are either constantly open (the refrigerator does not turn on) or constantly closed (the refrigerator does not turn off).
Why does the thermostat click?
The clicking sound when the refrigerator is operating is a normal phenomenon. It means that the contacts inside the RKT thermostat open or close. If the clicks become too frequent or, on the contrary, disappear completely (and the compressor is humming), this is a sign of a malfunction.
Main signs of a thermostat malfunction
Fault diagnosis thermostat is the first step to restoring the functionality of the refrigerator. Symptoms of breakdowns can be different, but most often they come down to a violation of the temperature regime. If you notice that food in the refrigerator compartment has begun to deteriorate faster than usual, or, conversely, vegetables are freezing at the back wall, you should take a closer look at the operation of the relay. Also an alarming signal is the continuous operation of the compressor without rest cycles.
One of the most obvious signs of device failure RKT 2 is the absence of a characteristic click when turning the regulator knob. In good condition, when switching from minimum to maximum (or vice versa), a clear sound of contact switching should be heard. If the handle rotates freely, without resistance or clicks, and the refrigerator is silent or hums continuously, most likely the mechanism is damaged or jammed. In such cases, temperature adjustment becomes impossible.
⚠️ Attention: If the compressor operates continuously for more than 2-3 hours, and the temperature in the chamber does not drop below +10°C, do not try to solve the problem only by replacing the thermostat. This may indicate a freon leak or a malfunction of the compressor itself.
Another sign may be the formation of a “fur coat” or ice in only one place of the chamber, or a complete lack of cold when the engine is running. Sometimes the contacts inside the relay burn out and current stops flowing to the motor. Visual inspection of the contacts (after removing the casing) may show a black coating or melted plastic. However, even if the device looks intact on the outside, the internal springs may have lost their properties, which requires replacing the entire assembly, since repairing individual components of the thermostat is not economically feasible.
Instructions for replacing RKT 2 with your own hands
Replacing the series thermostat RKT 2 —a procedure that can be performed at home if you have basic tools and follow safety precautions. The process begins with completely disconnecting the refrigerator from the network and defrosting the chambers, if necessary, to access the unit. Most often, the thermostat is located inside the refrigerator compartment under a plastic cover or in the engine compartment, depending on the refrigerator model.
The first step is to remove the temperature control knob. It can be removed by hand or secured with a locking screw that needs to be unscrewed. After removing the handle, access to the fastening elements of the thermostat itself opens. Carefully unscrew the screws holding the case in place and remove the protective cover. Be careful with the capillary tube - it is very thin and easily breaks if handled carelessly.
☑️ Checklist before replacing the thermostat
Next follows the most important step - disconnecting the wires. Remember or take a photowhich wire is connected where, since mixing up the contacts may result in a short circuit. Unscrew the nut securing the thermostat to the chamber wall and carefully remove the sensitive tube from the mounting hole. Installation of a new element RKT 2 is done in the reverse order: insert the tube, fix it with a nut, connect the wires according to the diagram, assemble the body and install the handle.
After assembly, you need to check tightness of the tube installation. It must fit tightly in the channel in order to read the temperature correctly. If the tube dangles or touches other elements, the temperature reading will be distorted. After turning on the refrigerator, let it run for several hours to reach normal operating conditions. Do not load the chamber with products right away - let the equipment get cold at idle.
Setting and calibrating the temperature regime
Correct setting of the thermostat RKT 2 after installation is the key to long service life of the products and saving energy. A new relay often has a factory setting already on its housing, but it may not match the needs of your kitchen or the load on your refrigerator. Adjustment is carried out by rotating a special calibration screw, which is usually hidden under a seal or accessible through a hole in the handle.
For precise adjustment, it is recommended to use an external thermometer placed in a glass of water in the center of the chamber. By turning the adjustment screw (this usually requires removing the handle and using a screwdriver), you can shift the response range. One turn of the screw can change the temperature by 1-2 degrees. Calibration is a delicate process that requires patience: after each turn of the screw you need to wait for the temperature to stabilize, which can take several hours.
| Knob position | Approximate temperature | Operating mode | Recommendation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Minimum (1) | +6...+8 °C | Economy | For light load or winter |
| Average (2-3) | +3...+5 °C | Optimal | Standard storage mode |
| Maximum (4-5) | 0...+2 °C | Intensive | For quick freezing or full load |
| Off | Room | Stop | Transportation or defrosting |
It is important to consider that in the summer, when the ambient temperature is high, it may be necessary to set lower values on the regulator. In winter, on the contrary, in unheated rooms or at low temperatures in the kitchen, the refrigerator may rarely turn on, and the setting should be shifted towards lower temperatures. However, remember that most household refrigerators are not designed to operate at ambient temperatures below +10°C.
Compatibility and selection of analogues for replacement
When looking for a replacement for a failed one RKT 2 it is important to take into account not only the markings, but also the design features. Thermostats can be interchangeable with devices of other series, for example TAM-133 or K-59, but only if the length of the capillary tube and the temperature range match. If the tube is too long, it will have to be carefully laid in the chamber, avoiding kinks; if it is short, it may not reach the control zone.
Manufacturers often use universal seats, but the thread of the fastening nut or the shape stock may vary. Before purchasing a new part, it is recommended to remove the old one and compare them visually. Pay special attention to the markings on the body: letters and numbers after the main name (for example, L, M, C) often indicate the temperature range of operation and the type of filling of the bellows. An incorrectly selected range will result in the refrigerator either not turning off or not being able to reach the desired temperature.
⚠️ Attention: Technical characteristics of thermostats may vary slightly depending on the production batch. Always check the parameters (on/off temperature) with the original device before installation.
In some cases, instead of mechanical RKT 2 owners consider installing electronic thermostats. This is possible, but requires intervention in the electrical circuit and often a change in the design of the control panel. Electronic sensors are more accurate, but less maintainable. For most users, the optimal solution is to find a high-quality mechanical analogue that fully complies with the specifications of the original.
Is it possible to use a thermostat from a freezer in a refrigerator?
No, this is impossible. Thermostats for freezers are designed for negative temperatures (up to -24°C and below), while for the refrigerator the range is positive (from 0 to +10°C). Installing an unsuitable sensor will lead to damage to the products.
What is the difference between RKT 2 and the TAM thermostat?
RKT 2 i THERE (Automatic Freezer/Refrigeration thermostat) are devices of a similar operating principle, often produced at the same factories (for example, in Russia or China). The main difference lies in the markings and sometimes in the length of the capillary tube or the temperature threshold. RKT is often used as a more modern designation or trademark for certain series. When replacing, the main thing is the coincidence of physical dimensions and temperature characteristics, and not just the name.
Why does the refrigerator not turn off after replacing RKT 2?
If after installing a new thermostat compressor works without stopping, there may be several reasons: the temperature range of the new relay is incorrectly selected, the capillary tube is not immersed deep enough in the chamber (does not feel the cold), or the problem is not in the thermostat at all, but in a freon leak. It is also worth checking whether the quick freeze button is stuck, if the model has one.
Is it possible to repair the RKT thermostat?
Theoretically, repair possible (replacing contacts, adjusting the spring), but in practice this is impractical. Thermostats are sealed units, and disassembling them disrupts the calibration. The cost of a new device is relatively low, so experts recommend immediately replacing it with a new, working copy to guarantee stable operation of the refrigerator.
Where is the thermostat located in the Atlant refrigerator?
In most refrigerator models Atlant the thermostat is located inside refrigerator compartment, in the upper right corner, under the plastic cover, next to the light bulb or defrost button. To get to it, you need to remove the regulator handle and unscrew the screws holding the plastic panel. In some older models, it may be located in the rear engine compartment.