Choosing a Fridge often turns into a search for a balance between price, energy efficiency and design. However, few buyers pay attention to the quality of the materials from which the internal shelves and drawers are made. It is the interior finishing camera that directly affects the durability of the device and, more importantly, the safety of your products. Cheap polymers can release harmful substances upon contact with food or crack due to temperature changes.
There is a common misconception that any white plastic is safe. In fact, the chemical composition of the materials used by appliance manufacturers varies greatly. Some brands use high-tech composites that are resistant to scratches and bacteria, while others skimp on components, which leads to the appearance of an unpleasant odor and fragility of the structure after just a year of operation.
In this article we will analyze in detail which refrigerators actually use good plastic, how to distinguish high-quality material from a cheap analogue and whether it is worth overpaying for branded lines with antibacterial coating. Understanding these nuances will help you avoid buying a device that will require replacing drawers in a short time.
Criteria for the quality of plastic in the refrigerator compartment
The first thing you should pay attention to when assessing quality is mechanical strength and resistance to deformation. A good material should withstand the weight of food without deflection, and also retain its properties during sudden cooling. Cheap polystyrene (PS) often becomes brittle at low temperatures, which leads to chipping at the edges of shelves.
The second important aspect is chemical inertness. Internal surfaces are constantly in contact with foods, juices, fats and acids. A high-quality polymer should not react with them or change the taste of stored food. Particular attention is paid to the absence of volatile organic compounds, which can give products a specific chemical taste.
The third criterion - resistance to ultraviolet radiation and oxidation. Over time, even inside a closed chamber, under the influence of backlight lamps, some types of plastic may turn yellow. Premium manufacturers add special stabilizers that prevent this process, maintaining the aesthetic appearance of the equipment throughout its entire service life.
Main types of plastic: ABS, HIPS and Polystyrene
In the modern refrigeration industry, three main types of polymers are used. ABS plastic (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) is considered the leader in strength and safety. It is an impact-resistant engineering thermoplastic resin that features high heat resistance and chemical resistance. It is from ABS that internal doors and complex molded elements are most often made.
The second popular material is HIPS (high-impact polystyrene). It is cheaper than ABS, but also has good characteristics. It is often modified with additives to increase strength. HIPS is widely used in models in the mid-price segment. It tolerates low temperatures well, but may be less resistant to aggressive cleaning agents.
The least desirable option is regular polystyrene (PS). It is tough, but very fragile. Upon impact, such plastic bursts and does not deform. In addition, PS tends to crack under stress. If you notice that a shelf in a store is made of a thin material that rings when tapped, this is most likely PS.
- 🔹 ABS plastic: high impact resistance, matte surface, complex casting geometry, high price.
- 🔹 HIPS: balance of price and quality, good frost resistance, used in most average models.
- 🔹 Polystyrene (PS): low price, glossy shine, prone to cracking and chipping, used in budget lines.
Brand rating: who uses the best materials
Analyzing the household appliances market, we can identify groups of manufacturers who traditionally pay increased attention to the quality of internal plastic. The leaders here are companies specializing in the premium segment, as well as brands that have their own polymer production plants.
Japanese and German brands, such as Liebherr, Bosch and Hitachi, often use multilayer structures or special ABS with antibacterial additives. Their plastic is dense and odorless, even in new devices. In such refrigerators, vegetable drawers often have a special bottom structure for better air circulation.
⚠️ Attention: Even with well-known brands in budget lines (usually models assembled at third-party factories in developing countries), the quality of plastic may be lower than in flagship series. Always check the specific model, and not just the logo on the door.Korean giants Samsung and LG occupy a middle position, actively introducing their own developments, such as coatings Deo Fresh or Hygiene Fresh+. Their plastic often has a specific texture that hides scratches. However, in the cheapest models of these brands you can also find thinner HIPS.
Comparative table of materials and their properties
For clarity let's compare the main characteristics of polymers used in the production of refrigeration chambers. This will help you navigate when studying technical documentation or descriptions in online stores.
Characteristics ABS plastic HIPS (High Impact) Polystyrene (PS) Impact resistance High Medium Low Thermal resistance up to +90°C up to +85°C up to +70°C Chemical resistance High Average Low Tendency to yellowness Low Average High Cost of raw materials High Average Low As can be seen from the table, the difference in characteristics is significant. ABS plastic can withstand a wider range of temperatures, which is critical for the fresh area or freezer where changes can be dramatic. Cheap polystyrene becomes like glass when exposed to cold for a long time.
It is also worth considering environmental friendliness. ABS and HIPS are more easily recycled, while low-polymer composites often end up in landfills. By choosing equipment with high-quality internal filling, you indirectly take care of the environment, since such a refrigerator will last longer.
Smell problem: normal or faulty?
A new refrigerator always has a specific smell. This is due to polymerization processes and packaging. However, the intensity and duration of this odor can tell a lot about the quality of the plastic used. A light technical aroma, which disappears in 2-3 days, is considered the norm for most devices.
If the smell is pungent, reminiscent of burnt rubber or phenol, and does not disappear after a week of airing, this is a sign of the use of cheap raw materials with a large amount of recycled plastic or a violation of production technology. This volatile odor can be absorbed into products, especially oil, milk and open packages.
How to quickly eliminate the smell of new plastic?
Wipe all surfaces with a weak solution of soda or citric acid. Place activated carbon or black bread inside. Do not use aggressive chemicals in the first days of operation.
It is dangerous to ignore a strong chemical odor, as it may indicate the release of styrene or other harmful substances. In such cases, it is recommended to contact the service center or store. Sometimes the problem is solved by replacing plastic inserts or drawers under warranty.
⚠️ Attention: If the smell comes specifically from the plastic drawers, and not from the thermal insulation of the case (which happens when foaming is defective), and more than 10 days do not pass, ask for a replacement of the product. This may be a sign of the use of non-food plastic.Care for plastic elements of the refrigerator
Even the highest quality plastic requires proper care. Errors in operation can ruin even expensive ABS plastic. The main rule is to avoid abrasive cleaners and hard sponges. Small scratches not only spoil the appearance, but also become an ideal breeding ground for bacteria.
To wash shelves and drawers, use warm water with a mild detergent or a special spray for household appliances. Avoid contact of plastic with solvents, acetone, or highly alkaline dishwashing detergents, as they may cause clouding or hairline cracks.
- 🧼 Use a soft flannel cloth or sponge with the non-abrasive side.
- 🌡️ Do not wash frozen drawers with hot water water - a sharp temperature change will cause stress to the material.
- 🚫 Avoid direct sunlight on the removed plastic parts when drying.
☑️ Monthly care of plastic
Done: 0 / 4Pay special attention to seals and joints plastic with metal. Dirt and mold most often accumulate there. Regular preventative cleaning will extend the life of the interior of the refrigerator and maintain the hygiene of food storage.
Frequently asked questions (FAQ)
Is it possible to replace a cracked plastic drawer with an analogue from another brand?
Theoretically, it is possible if the overall dimensions and guide shape. However, fastening elements and curvature of shelves from different manufacturers (for example, Indesit and Beko) often differ. It is better to look for an original spare part by the model catalog number.
Is colored plastic (blue, green) safe for food?
Yes, if the refrigerator is certified. The dye is introduced into the plastic mass at the production stage and is inert. High-quality painted polypropylene or ABS does not release toxins. Only cheap, uncertified products are dangerous.
Why does plastic turn yellow over time and is it possible to fix it?
Yellowness is the result of oxidation of the material under the influence of light and time. You can return the white color using special plastic restorers or hydrogen peroxide (the method requires caution), but it is difficult to completely eliminate the change in the structure of the material.
Does the quality of plastic affect the energy consumption of the refrigerator?
Indirectly - yes. High-quality plastic holds its shape better and ensures a tighter fit of boxes and lids, which improves thermal insulation inside the chambers. Cheap, deformed plastic can create gaps, disrupting the circulation of cold air.