Understanding how your household unit is the key to its long-lasting and efficient operation. A refrigerator Exqvisit, like many modern models, is a complex thermodynamic system that works on the principle of heat transfer from one environment to another. Unlike simple accumulation of cold, this device constantly circulates refrigerant, maintaining a given temperature regime inside the chambers.
The main task of the device is to select thermal energy from food and air inside the refrigeration and freezer chambers and release this heat into the surrounding space through the rear condenser grille. This process is ensured by the joint work of mechanical components, electronic sensors and the chemical properties of the working gas. The key element here is the compressor, which is often called the heart of the entire system.
It is important for owners to realize that temperature stability depends not only on the power of the motor, but also on the tightness of the circuit and the quality of the thermal insulation of the housing. Violation of any of these parameters leads to increased energy consumption and wear of parts. Let's look at each stage of this continuous cycle in detail.
⚠️ Attention: Opening a sealed circuit or independently replacing the refrigerant without special equipment and a license is strictly prohibited. This can lead to irreversible damage to the system and violation of environmental standards.
The main cooling cycle: from compression to expansion
The fundamental principle of operation of the refrigerator Exqvisit is based on the ability of substances to absorb heat during evaporation and release it when condensation The whole process begins in the compressor, which sucks in gaseous refrigerant (freon) at low pressure and temperature. Here it is compressed, as a result of which the gas is heated to high values and passes under high pressure into the condenser.
Passing through the condenser coil, usually located on the back wall, the hot gas gives off heat to the kitchen atmosphere. As the refrigerant cools, it turns into a liquid state, remaining under high pressure. Next, the liquid enters the capillary tube or thermostatic valve, where the pressure drops sharply, which leads to instantaneous evaporation of part of the liquid and strong cooling of the mixture.
It is this cold mixture that enters the evaporator inside the chambers, where it boils and actively absorbs heat from the internal volume refrigerator. Once converted back to gas, the refrigerant is returned to the compressor and the cycle repeats. This closed process ensures continuous maintenance of a low temperature.
The role of the compressor and the starting system
The compressor in refrigerators Exqvisit performs the function of a pump that creates the pressure necessary for the circulation of the refrigerant. Most modern models use sealed piston or inverter motors. Inverter models Different in that they do not turn off completely, but only change the shaft rotation speed, which reduces noise and saves energy.
The engine is started using a starting relay, which supplies increased current to starting winding. After the rotor accelerates, the relay turns off the starting winding, and the engine runs on the main one. If you hear clicks when you try to turn on, but the motor does not start, the problem often lies in this unit or in the windings of the compressor itself.
Electronics controls the operation of the motor through temperature sensors. When the temperature in the chamber reaches the set value, the circuit opens and the compressor stops (in models without an inverter). It is important to ensure that the motor does not overheat, as this can lead to thermal shock and jamming of the piston group.
No Frost system and air circulation
Many models Exqvisit are equipped with a system No Frost (or Low Frost), which prevents the formation of an ice crust on the walls of the chambers. Unlike static cooling, here cold air is forced to circulate inside the volume due to the operation of the fan. The evaporator in such models is hidden behind a plastic panel, usually in the freezer compartment or between chambers.
The fan drives air through the cold evaporator, distributing the flow through special channels into the refrigerator compartment. This ensures uniform temperature on all shelves and no areas with high humidity. However, since the air is constantly moving, products can air out faster, so it is better to store them in containers or under film.
The key difference is the presence of an automatic defrosting system. Periodically, based on a signal from the timer or the compressor hour meter, the heating element (heating element) turns on, which melts the ice on the hidden evaporator. The resulting water flows into the drainage tray above the compressor and evaporates naturally.
⚠️ Attention: If you notice water on the floor under the refrigerator or ice on the back wall inside the chamber, check the drainage hole. Its clogging with crumbs or mold is a common cause of malfunction of the defrost system.
Electronic control and sensors
Modern refrigerators Exqvisit are controlled by an electronic module that receives data from many sensors. The main one is a thermostat or thermistor, which measures the air temperature in the chamber. Based on these readings, the controller makes a decision to turn on or off the compressor and fan.
Additionally, defrost sensors can be used that monitor the temperature of the evaporator during the defrost cycle, preventing overheating of the heating element. The system may also contain door opening sensors that activate the light and sound a sound signal if the door remains open for a long time, which saves the compressor from unnecessary work.
The electronic unit can also control the “Super Freeze” or “Vacation” mode, changing the standard operating algorithms. If the electronics malfunction (for example, power surges), the refrigerator may go into protection mode, stopping turning on until the control module is rebooted or replaced.
What are freshness zones?
Some Exqvisit models have separate compartments with zero temperature and special humidity. There, products are stored longer, since the growth of bacteria slows down, but meat and fish do not freeze completely.
Refrigerants and environmental safety
Modern refrigerants, such as Exqvisit or R600a (isobutane) are used as a working fluid in refrigerators R134a. These substances replaced freon R12, which destroyed the ozone layer. Isobutane (R600a) is the most popular in modern models due to its high energy efficiency and minimal impact on the environment.
However, R600a has a significant feature - it is explosive when used concentrations in the air. That is why there are always warning stickers on the back wall of such refrigerators. When repairing such systems, use open flame and sparking tools. The amount of gas in the circuit is small (usually about 50-60 grams), but safety precautions cannot be neglected.
The tightness of the circuit is a critical parameter. Even a microscopic leak will eventually cause the refrigerator to stop freezing. Restoring operability in this case requires finding the location of the leak (often these are sealed connections or places of corrosion), evacuation of the system and filling with a new portion of gas strictly according to the scale.
Table of basic operating parameters
To understand the normal performance of your device Exqvisit check out the table of typical values. Deviation from these parameters may indicate a malfunction.
| Parameter | Normal value | Fault value |
|---|---|---|
| Temperature in the refrigerator compartment | +2...+5 °C | Higher +8 °C or below 0 °C |
| Temperature in the freezer | -18...-24 °C | Above -12 °C |
| Duration of the compressor cycle | 10-20 minutes of operation / 20-40 minutes of rest | Works non-stop or very rarely |
| Condenser temperature (grids at the back) | 40-60 °C (warm to the touch) | Cold or scalding hot |
☑️ Diagnosis of cooling problems
Typical problems and their connection with the device
Understanding the operating principle helps to quickly diagnose breakdowns. For example, if the compressor runs constantly, but there is no cold, most likely the capillary tube has become clogged. In this case, the system tries to compensate for the lack of cold by constant operation, but physically cannot cool the volume without a sufficient amount of refrigerant. freon leak or the capillary tube is clogged. In this case, the system tries to compensate for the lack of cold by constant operation, but is physically unable to cool the volume without a sufficient amount of refrigerant.
If a “coat” of ice has formed inside, and the fan hums, but does not spin, the problem is in the mechanical part of the fan or its winding. In No Frost systems, this leads to the fact that cold air does not enter the chamber, although the evaporator may be iced over. A common cause of noise is vibration of the tubes that touch the housing or each other; they can be carefully moved away when the compressor is turned off.
A malfunction of the defrost sensor results in the heating element not turning on in time. The evaporator becomes overgrown with ice, the channels become blocked, and cold stops flowing into the refrigerator compartment, although the freezer may continue to work. In such cases, it is necessary to replace the sensor or check the control circuits on the module.
Why does the Exqvisit refrigerator make gurgling sounds?
Gurgling and liquid overflow is a normal sound of refrigerant moving through the tubes, especially immediately after the compressor stops. Gas and liquid continue to move by inertia. If the sound is not accompanied by a lack of cold, there is nothing to worry about.
Is it possible to install a refrigerator near the radiator?
It is extremely undesirable. The condenser must release heat into the air. If the environment is hot, the efficiency of heat transfer decreases, the compressor works hard, trying to compensate for ineffective heat extraction. The minimum distance from heating devices is 50 cm.
How often should you wash the rear of the condenser?
It is recommended to clean the rear grille from dust and animal hair at least once a year. The layer of dust acts as a heat insulator, interfering with the cooling of freon, which directly affects energy consumption and the service life of the motor.
What to do if there is water in the chamber and the drainage is clear?
If the drainage hole is free, but the water is at the bottom, the drainage tube inside the housing may have frozen or the water collection tray under the compressor has moved. Also, the reason may be a violation of the door seal, when warm, moist air constantly condenses in a large volume.